%1 http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/ en Casa Mayan http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/casa-mayan <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Casa Mayan </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2021-10-28T12:09:29-06:00" title="Thursday, October 28, 2021 - 12:09" class="datetime">Thu, 10/28/2021 - 12:09</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/casa-mayan" data-a2a-title="Casa Mayan "><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Fcasa-mayan&amp;title=Casa%20Mayan%20"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Between 1946 and 1973, the Casa Mayan (1020 Ninth Street) served as a restaurant in the <a href="/article/auraria"><strong>Auraria</strong></a> neighborhood of west <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/denver"><strong>Denver</strong></a> as well as a family home and multicultural meeting place for writers, musicians, artists, athletes, architects, politicians, and others. The Gonzalez family owned the restaurant and provided the hospitality and entertainment that made it one of the most popular Mexican American restaurants in Denver.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 1973, when the Auraria neighborhood was slated for destruction to make way for a tri-institutional campus, the Casa Mayan closed after more than twenty-five years in operation. The restaurant building was saved, however, when <strong>Ninth Street</strong> was preserved as a historic landmark. Now home to campus offices, the Casa Mayan still stands today as a tribute to the rich cultural history of the Auraria neighborhood, with the Casa Mayan Heritage group preserving the history of this landmark for future Denverites.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>One of the Oldest Houses in Denver</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>The Casa Mayan is the oldest surviving clapboard house in Denver. Built in 1872 by Dr. <strong>William Smedley</strong>, it was known for its green-and-white frame. Smedley moved to Denver from Pennsylvania in 1870 and became the city’s first practicing dentist. A prominent Denver citizen, he became the first president of the Denver Dental Association and first president of the Colorado Dental Association. He also served seventeen years as superintendent of North Side School District. He continued to live in the house on Ninth Street until his death in 1926.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Changing Hands</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>In 1934 Ramon and Carolina Gonzalez bought Smedley’s former house on Ninth Street. Originally from Chihuahua, Mexico, the couple lived briefly in El Paso, Texas, during the Mexican Revolution of the 1910s, but migrated to Denver in 1918 to escape the turmoil of war. They had lived in Auraria for almost a decade by the time they bought the Smedley house, so they had already become integrated into the cultural fabric of the neighborhood.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>It was a cultural fabric that had changed since Smedley’s time. Founded in 1858, Auraria had long been home to a diverse group of immigrants. During the 1920s, the ethnic makeup of the neighborhood began to shift as the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/sugar-beet-industry"><strong>sugar beet industry</strong></a> brought numerous Mexican immigrants into the state. Latino farmers and <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/colorado-world-war-i"><strong>World War I</strong></a> veterans began to move their families to Auraria. From the 1920s through the 1960s, the Latino residents of Auraria created a rich cultural enclave, and the Gonzalez family found themselves at the heart of it.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Family Home Becomes Restaurant</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>The Gonzalez family was known among Aurarians for their generous hospitality. They decided to turn hospitality into a business in 1946, when they opened one of the first Latino-owned Mexican American restaurants in Denver on the first floor of their Ninth Street residence. They served traditional Mexican fare for lunch and dinner as well as beer and wine. The family (which included seven children) continued to live upstairs. The restaurant became one of Denver’s most popular, a cultural hub where artists, poets, musicians, and entertainers came together. Patrons noted the appeal of the musicians and dancers who performed there almost every night.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The restaurant was known for its inclusivity, welcoming people from all backgrounds. Not only was it a cultural center for Auraria’s Latino residents, but it also brought in the various other ethnic communities who called Auraria home. One of the Gonzalez family members, Marta Gonzalez de Alcaro, recalled, “We had an Irish family across the street, a German family, an English family. We never thought of being different. We were all, you know, in the same boat.”</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In addition to locals, the restaurant drew famous visitors such as President Harry Truman, José Feliciano, Joan Baez, <strong>Judy Collins</strong>, Andres Segovia, Marian Anderson, and Paul Robeson. The restaurant would remain a cultural hub in west Denver until the early 1970s, when the neighborhood was razed to build a higher education campus.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>DURA and the Ninth Street Historic District</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>After the disastrous <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/south-platte-flood-1965"><strong>South Platte River flood of 1965</strong></a>, Denver proposed a bond in 1969 to buy Auraria land and relocate the people who lived there to make way for a massive college campus.  In response, angry residents established the Auraria Residents’ Organization to fight the initiative. Their efforts failed as powerful institutions lined up to support the measure. The bond passed with 52 percent of the vote, and the city forged ahead. In total, 250 businesses and 330 households were displaced. The Casa Mayan restaurant was shut down by the <strong>Denver Urban Renewal Authority </strong>(DURA) in 1973. It was spared demolition, however, when Ninth Street was declared a landmark later that year to preserve its historic Victorian houses.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In general, Auraria homeowners each received $15,000 in compensation when their houses were demolished, while businesses received $27,000. Marta Gonzalez de Alcaro, the owner when the Casa Mayan was shut down, got the business compensation but not the homeowner compensation (even though her business doubled as the family home). It was not much, considering that the restaurant had been in operation for twenty-seven years.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Casa Mayan Heritage </h2>&#13; &#13; <p>As the Auraria Higher Education Center took shape, the Ninth Street Historic District was restored and turned into campus offices. The Casa Mayan returned to its original green-and-white colors and became a campus office in 1976. To this day, the building remains one of the many campus offices on Ninth Street.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Members of the Gonzalez family never forgot their family home and the rich history it represented. In 2006 Gregorio Alcaro and Trini H. Gonzalez cofounded the Auraria Casa Mayan Heritage organization. The foundation’s vision is “to increase community awareness of Auraria’s rich cultural heritage,” including the contributions of early Latino residents and other ethnic groups. Alcaro gives tours of the Casa Mayan and Ninth Street to inform Denver residents and Auraria students alike about the restaurant and the displaced Latino community that long called Auraria home.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/kennedy-anna" hreflang="und">Kennedy, Anna</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/casa-mayan" hreflang="en">Casa Mayan</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/auraria" hreflang="en">auraria</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/auraria-higher-education-center" hreflang="en">Auraria Higher Education Center</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/ninth-street-historic-district" hreflang="en">Ninth Street Historic District</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/restaurants" hreflang="en">restaurants</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/william-smedley" hreflang="en">William Smedley</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/historic-houses" hreflang="en">historic houses</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>Donna Bryson, “<a href="https://denverite.com/2018/11/05/denver-auraria-history-displacement/">In the ’60s, Denver Decided to Replace This Community With the Auraria Campus. Here’s What It Lost</a>,” <em>Denverite</em>, November 5, 2018.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Phil Coombs, “Businessmen’s Reactions Mixed: Razing Continues on Auraria Site,” <em>Aurarian—Metro State</em>, September 24, 1973.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“Ninth Street Restoration Begins,” <em>Fourth Estate—University of Colorado Denver</em>, July 25, 1973.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Maya Rodriguez, “<a href="https://www.9news.com/article/news/local/hispanic-heritage-month/the-history-of-casa-mayan/249909756">The History of Casa Mayan</a>,” <em>9 News (KUSA)</em>, October 11, 2014.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“What Is Auraria?” <em>West Side Recorder</em>, October 1, 1969.</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p><a href="https://acmh.cfsites.org/">Auraria Casa Mayan Heritage</a>.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“<a href="https://history.denverlibrary.org/neighborhood-history-guide/auraria-neighborhood-history" title=" (external link)">Auraria Neighborhood History</a>,” Denver Public Library, April 21, 2014.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Rocky Mountain PBS, “<a href="https://video.rmpbs.org/video/auraria-uurrvk/" title=" (external link)">Auraria</a>,” <em>Colorado Experience</em>, March 18, 2019.</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Thu, 28 Oct 2021 18:09:29 +0000 yongli 3625 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org Ninth Street http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/ninth-street <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Ninth Street</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2021-10-11T17:12:11-06:00" title="Monday, October 11, 2021 - 17:12" class="datetime">Mon, 10/11/2021 - 17:12</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/ninth-street" data-a2a-title="Ninth Street"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Fninth-street&amp;title=Ninth%20Street"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Ninth Street Historic Park is the heart of the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/auraria-west-denver"><strong>Auraria</strong></a> neighborhood, <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/denver"><strong>Denver</strong></a>’s oldest, founded in October 1858, a month before Denver City. In the late 1960s, the <strong>Denver Urban Renewal Authority</strong> (DURA) planned to clear 169 acres of old Auraria bordering <strong>Cherry Creek</strong> to build the Auraria Higher Education Center (AHEC). Preservationists, led by <strong>Historic Denver, Inc.</strong>, fought to save one relatively intact residential face block of Ninth Street between Curtis and Champa Streets to be restored for educational use. As a preservation project, Ninth Street is notable for its wide variety of architectural styles as well as for saving a middle-class <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/early-immigration-denver-1850%E2%80%931920"><strong>immigrant</strong></a> neighborhood of Germans, Irish, Jews, and Hispanos.</p> <h2>Auraria History</h2> <p>Auraria got its start when <strong>William Green Russell</strong> and his party of prospectors found <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/precious-metal-mining-colorado"><strong>gold</strong></a> there near the confluence of Cherry Creek and the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/south-platte-river"><strong>South Platte River</strong></a>. That discovery ignited the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/colorado-gold-rush"><strong>Colorado Gold Rush</strong></a> and led the Russell party to found Auraria City, named for the gold-mining community of Auraria, Georgia, from which they came. Auraria was subsequently annexed by Denver City on the other side of Cherry Creek. As Auraria industrialized, wealthier folks moved to Denver’s many new, more fashionable neighborhoods. Auraria became increasingly Latino and at the northwest end of Ninth Street was anchored by <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/st-cajetan%E2%80%99s-catholic-church"><strong>St. Cajetan’s</strong></a>, Denver’s first Catholic church for Spanish speakers, along with its school, health clinic, and credit union. Many Aurarians worked in nearby industries such as the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/tivoli-brewery"><strong>Tivoli Brewery</strong></a>, the <strong>Hungarian Flour Mills</strong>, and the <strong>Burnham Shops</strong> of the <strong>Denver &amp; Rio Grande Railroad</strong>.</p> <h2>Preserving Ninth Street</h2> <p>The oldest intact block in Denver, Ninth Street homes date from 1872 to 1906, with modest vernacular versions of Italianate, Queen Anne, classic cottage, and mansard houses as well as one of Denver’s best examples of the Second Empire style. All seemed doomed in 1969, when Denver voters approved plans to condemn and clear the land for AHEC, which would include three degree-granting institutions—<strong>Community College of Denver</strong>, <strong>Metropolitan State College</strong>, and the <strong>University of Colorado–Denver</strong>.</p> <p>Led by Don D. and Carolyn Etter and Barbara Sudler, Historic Denver, Inc., persuaded authorities to give it a chance to restore the block and return it to AHEC for educational use. Beginning in 1972, Historic Denver spent nearly $1 million to restore the block and celebrated its completion on Colorado Day, August 1, 1976. By grassing over the street and intensely landscaping the entire three-acre site, the block earned its park name as well as designation as a Denver and national historic district. More open space came with the demolition of two houses that could not be saved. All thirteen of the surviving, restored residences are noteworthy, as is the corner grocery store, an anchor of nineteenth-century neighborhoods. Six of the houses are among the city’s oldest, built before Colorado became a state in 1876.</p> <h2>Buildings</h2> <p>Knight House (1015 Ninth Street) was built in 1885 by Charles and Betsey Davis of 1068 Ninth Street as a wedding present for their daughter Kate and her husband, Steve Knight, a bookkeeper in Davis’s West Side Flour Mill. Don Etter, who helped document and restore Ninth Street, has called this unique mansard-style house “perhaps the most beautifully proportioned and tastefully embellished Victorian house in Denver<em>.</em>”</p> <p><a href="/article/casa-mayan"><strong>Smedley House/Casa Mayan</strong></a> (1020 Ninth Street) was built around 1872 by <strong>William Smedley</strong>, a Quaker dentist and teacher whose descendants became prominent dentists and state legislators. In 1933 Trinidad and Belen Gonzales bought the building and made it their family home. In 1947 the family turned the first floor into Casa Mayan, one of Denver’s first Mexican restaurants to welcome non-Mexicans. The family not only fed but entertained with Mexican music and dance, making Casa Mayan popular and doing much to bridge the gap between Spanish and English speakers. After restoration it became a museum of Auraria and Latino culture.</p> <p>Ropp House (1024 Ninth Street) was built in 1875 in the Italianate style for Cordelia Ropp and her husband, Oscar, a saloon owner and livestock dealer.</p> <p>Nevin House (1027 Ninth Street) may have been built by Jeremiah Gardener in 1882 for his son-in-law William C. Nevin. A mansard second story and dominant mansard tower distinguish one of Ninth Street’s more fashionable houses.</p> <p>Gardner House (1033 Ninth Street) was built in 1873 by Jeremiah and Mary Gardner as a frame house with a third-story shingled tower and much ornate wooden trim and metal rooftop cresting.</p> <p>Wheeler-Griebling House (1041 Ninth Street) was built around 1880 with a prominent two-story front bay. Frank Wheeler worked for the Denver &amp; Rio Grande Railroad for thirty-five years and also served as a Denver city councilman and as director of Denver’s Auraria School District. Later owner John Griebling was a cabinetmaker with the Denver Furniture and Carpet Company.</p> <p>Schulz-Madden Duplex (1045/47 Ninth Street) was designed by J. J. Backus and built in 1890 for $3,700, complete with identical twin front porches. William Schulz, a bookkeeper for the Milwaukee (later Tivoli) Brewery, shared the duplex with Eugene Madden, who ran a saloon called Madden’s Wet Goods at 1140 Larimer Street and also served nine terms as Auraria’s city councilman.</p> <p>Cole-Wilson House (1050 Ninth Street) was built around 1875 by Henry Cole. From 1880 to 1927, this picturesque one-story cottage housed Frank Wilson, an engineer with the Denver &amp; Rio Grande Railroad, and his family.</p> <p>Young House (1051 Ninth Street) is a classic cottage bungalow built in 1903 by Thomas Young, a blacksmith whose daughter was a piano teacher. Typical of classic cottages, it had neoclassical porch posts, a hipped roof, and a central dormer atop a small one-story house.</p> <p>Dolan House (1056 Ninth Street) was built in 1901 by Maurice Dolan, treasurer and later a manager for the Hungarian Flour Mills. William Crowe designed this typical classic cottage bungalow similar to the Young House across the street. Thousands of similar modest houses were built throughout the city in middle- and lower-class neighborhoods after the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/panic-1893"><strong>Panic of 1893</strong></a> lowered housing expectations and budgets.</p> <p>Rundles House (1059 Ninth Street) was built in 1880 by William B. Rundle, manager of the Colorado Electric Company. The second mansard story added later was designed by Colorado’s most distinguished architectural firm, <strong>Frank E. Edbrooke</strong> and Company.</p> <p>Davis House (1068 Ninth Street) was built around 1872 by Charles R. Davis, a miller who became the successful owner of the West Denver Flour Mill. The full front porch has elaborate Carpenter Gothic trim and supports a second-story balcony.</p> <p>The Groussman Store (906 Curtis Street, at Ninth) was built in 1906 by Albert B. Groussman and his wife, Belle. Their family lived upstairs and operated the grocery on the ground floor. This red-brick commercial building designed by architect Frederick Carl Eberley has been repurposed as a Mexican restaurant crowned by distinctive cannonball finials.</p> <h2>Today</h2> <p>As of 2021, the fourteen historic structures served primarily as offices for campus groups, including AHEC campus and facilities planning, the University of Colorado–Denver English department, the University of Colorado–Denver honors and leadership program, the Metropolitan State University honors program, and the Auraria Faculty and Staff Club. For these groups, as well as everyone else at AHEC, Ninth Street provides a serene, park-like heart for a scattered campus.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/noel-thomas-j" hreflang="und">Noel, Thomas J.</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/ninth-street-historic-district" hreflang="en">Ninth Street Historic District</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/auraria" hreflang="en">auraria</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/auraria-higher-education-center" hreflang="en">Auraria Higher Education Center</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/casa-mayan" hreflang="en">Casa Mayan</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/william-smedley" hreflang="en">William Smedley</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>Don D. Etter, <em>Auraria: Where Denver Began</em> (Boulder: Colorado Associated University Press, 1972).</p> <p>Magdalena Gallegos, <em>Where the Rivers Meet: The Story of Auraria Through Our Eyes</em> (Denver: Metropolitan State College, 2005).</p> <p>Gregorio Gonzales Alcaro (curator of Casa Mayan), various tours and interviews with Thomas J. Noel, 2020.</p> <p>Margaret Heffron, Mark Stevens, and Don Etter, “Auraria 9th Street Historic District,” National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form (1972).</p> <p>Jerome C. Smiley, <em>History of Denver</em> (Denver: Times-Sun Publishing, 1901).</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p>Stephen J. Leonard and Thomas J. Noel, <em>Denver: Mining Camp to Metropolis</em> (Niwot: University Press of Colorado, 1990).</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Mon, 11 Oct 2021 23:12:11 +0000 yongli 3613 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org