%1 http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/ en Mark Udall http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/mark-udall <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Mark Udall</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-article-image.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-article-image.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div id="carouselEncyclopediaArticle" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="true"> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--3306--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--3306.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/mark-udall"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/Mark_Udall_Media_1_0.jpg?itok=n0J3xVuc" width="606" height="768" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/mark-udall" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Mark Udall</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>One of many Udalls to have held public office, Mark Udall is a former US Senator and Representative from Colorado, known for his efforts to protect public lands; one of his last acts as senator was to convince then-President Barack Obama to create Browns Canyon National Monument in Colorado.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2020-06-09T17:18:51-06:00" title="Tuesday, June 9, 2020 - 17:18" class="datetime">Tue, 06/09/2020 - 17:18</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/mark-udall" data-a2a-title="Mark Udall"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Fmark-udall&amp;title=Mark%20Udall"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Mark Emery Udall (1950–) is a former US representative (1999–2008) and senator (2009–14) from Colorado. A member of the <strong>Democratic Party</strong>, Udall comes from a prominent political family in the American West. His father was former senator Morris Udall; his uncle was three-term congressman Stewart Lee Udall, and his brother is current New Mexico senator Tom Udall.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Like the rest of his family, Mark Udall has deep sympathies for the American West, and he is considered one of the most environment-friendly politicians in the region. He is known as a progressive but pragmatic politician who is open to compromise, as well as a staunch defender of public lands. One of his signature achievements as a senator came in 2015, when he helped spur President Barack Obama to create <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/browns-canyon-national-monument"><strong>Browns Canyon National Monument</strong></a> in <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/chaffee-county"><strong>Chaffee County</strong></a>.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Early Life</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>The Udall family roots run back to the Mormon occupation of Utah in the mid-nineteenth century. David King Udall, the family patriarch, was born in St. Louis to a family of English immigrants, and the family converted to Mormonism and moved to Utah in the early 1850s. David King Udall later served as a Republican in the Arizona Territorial legislature in 1899. The Udalls have been involved in regional politics ever since.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Mark Udall was born in Tucson, Arizona, on July 18, 1950, to Morris “Mo” King Udall and Patricia Emery. In 1961 his father was elected US senator from Arizona, and in 1976 he sought the Democratic presidential nomination. His mother was a Buddhist who struggled with arthritis but nonetheless became a pilot and flight instructor in Nepal, joining the Peace Corps in her fifties.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Udall spent his childhood in Arizona, where fishing, climbing, and kayaking excursions built a strong affinity for the landscapes and hardscrabble pragmatism of the American West. After graduating from Williams College in 1972, Udall moved to the <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/aspen"><strong>Aspen</strong></a> area. Two years later, he worked as a field organizer in New Hampshire for his father’s presidential primary campaign. In 1975 he taught physical education for one semester at Antioch College in Ohio before returning to Colorado and joining the youth outdoors organization <strong>Outward Bound</strong> as an instructor.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Udall worked for Outward Bound for twenty years, eventually becoming the organization’s executive director in 1986. It was there that he met his future wife, environmentalist Maggie Fox. The two were married in 1982 and have two children, son Jedediah and daughter Tess.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Early Political Career</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>In 1997 Udall was elected to the Colorado legislature as representative of the state’s Thirteenth District, which includes the city of <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/longmont-0"><strong>Longmont</strong></a>. One year later, he was elected to Congress as representative of Colorado’s Second district, which at the time included <a href="/article/boulder-county"><strong>Boulder</strong></a>, <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/clear-creek-county"><strong>Clear Creek</strong></a>, and <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/gilpin-county"><strong>Gilpin</strong></a> Counties, as well as parts of <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/adams-county"><strong>Adams</strong></a> and <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/jefferson-county"><strong>Jefferson</strong></a> Counties. He defeated Republican Boulder mayor <strong>Bob Greenlee</strong> by two percentage points.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>As a US representative, Udall was one of fifty-eight members of Congress who opposed the Iraq War. He supported a variety of environmental and clean-energy policies, including a cap-and-trade agreement to limit carbon emissions and protecting the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) right to regulate greenhouse gas emissions. He has said that climate change “presents a major environmental challenge that requires an immediate response for our state and national government.”</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Although a champion of progressive ideas, such as expanded early childhood education and protection of immigrant rights, Udall was known to work with his ideological opponents on a variety of issues, including mass transit and the environment. One such compromise created the James Peak <strong>Wilderness Area</strong> near <strong>Winter Park</strong> along Colorado’s <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/great-divide"><strong>Great Divide</strong></a>.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Senate</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>While in the US Senate, where he was narrowly elected over Republican Bob Schaffer in 2008, Udall served on the Armed Services and Energy and Natural Resources committees, as well as the Select Committee on Intelligence. Much of his time in the Senate was concerned with the typical western states issue of managing tensions between his constituents and the federal government. In 2013, for example, Udall ended a ten-year standoff between ranchers and the US Army in <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/las-animas-county"><strong>Las Animas County</strong></a> when he helped the former retain rights to land in Piñon Canyon. Overall, about 33 percent of Udall’s legislative involvement in both the House and Senate dealt with public lands and natural resources.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>As a member of the Senate Intelligence Committee, Udall helped investigate the George W. Bush administration’s torture program and was a vocal critic of federal surveillance activity under the Patriot Act. Udall also opposed President Barack Obama’s expansion of drone strikes. For his congressional career, Udall received a rating of 43 percent from the US Chamber of Commerce, a lukewarm but not terrible rating from the conservative-leaning institution. He earned higher ratings from liberal and environmental groups, such as the League of Conservation Voters (96 percent) and the American Civil Liberties Union (100 percent).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 2013 Udall’s brother Randy died on a hiking trip, and his son Jed was arrested for auto burglary and heroin possession. These incidents adversely affected Udall’s ability to campaign the following year. In 2014 he lost his Senate seat to Republican challenger <strong>Cory Gardner</strong> by two percentage points. It was the first time in thirty-six years that an incumbent senator from Colorado was defeated.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>At the time of Udall’s defeat, the senator had been making progress on legislation to create Browns Canyon National Monument, which would encompass nearly 22,000 acres of scenic and ecologically important canyonland along the Arkansas River in central Colorado. Udall’s bill was approved by a Senate subcommittee, but Udall feared that newly elected Republican Senators would kill the bill. Before he left office, Udall and fellow Colorado senator <strong>Michael Bennet</strong> sent a joint letter to President Obama, urging him to use his powers under the 1906 <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/antiquities-act"><strong>Antiquities Act</strong></a> to create the national monument. Obama proclaimed the monument on February 19, 2015.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In his farewell address to the Senate in 2014, Udall said he has always been “guided by the rugged independence, strength, and cooperative spirit that defines who we are as Coloradans and westerners.” Udall subsequently retired from national politics and moved back to <strong>Eldorado Springs</strong>, Colorado.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>After Politics</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>While Udall has quietly continued to advocate for the issues he worked on as senator, he has made few public appearances in his postpolitical life. He has also avoided for-profit work, telling the <em>Colorado Independent </em>in 2019, “My parents raised me to never look at public service as something you go on to monetize.”</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Udall keeps busy climbing Colorado <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/fourteeners"><strong>Fourteeners</strong></a> and going on other outdoor expeditions. In 2015 he and his wife, Maggie Fox, hiked some 400 miles from Bears Ears National Monument through the Navajo Nation to Lees Ferry, Arizona. Udall said the hike, which compelled him and his wife to go long distances without access to water in a drought-stricken region, made him more viscerally aware of the effects of climate change in the US Southwest.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Even though he has traded legislating and fundraising for hiking and climbing, Udall has not remained completely detached from politics and the issues that motivated him in public service. He serves on the boards of the Grand Canyon Trust, Council for a Livable World, and former US representative Gabrielle Giffords’s gun-control Political Action Committee.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/mark-udall" hreflang="en">mark udall</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/udall-family" hreflang="en">udall family</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-politics" hreflang="en">colorado politics</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-senator" hreflang="en">colorado senator</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/congress" hreflang="en">congress</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/house-representatives" hreflang="en">house of representatives</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/public-lands" hreflang="en">public lands</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>James Bailey, “The Udall Brothers Go to Washington: The Formative Years of Arizona’s Sibling Politicians,” <em>Journal of Arizona History</em> 41, no. 14 (Winter 2000).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Allen Best, “<a href="https://www.aspentimes.com/news/conservation-and-compromise/">Conservation and Compromise</a>,” <em>Aspen Times</em>, September 25, 2008.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Friends of Browns Canyon, “<a href="https://brownscanyon.org/learn-about-the-monument/timeline/">Timeline</a>,” n.d.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Susan Greene, “<a href="https://www.coloradoindependent.com/2019/12/10/mark-udall-torture-movie-defeat-gardner/">Mark Udall Talks Torture, Life after Political Office, and Dharma</a>,” <em>Colorado Independent</em>, December 10, 2019.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Govtrack, “<a href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/mark_udall/400412">Mark Udall</a>,” n.d.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>OnTheIssues.org, “<a href="https://www.ontheissues.org/International/Mark_Udall_Energy_+_Oil.htm">Mark Udall on Energy and Oil: Democratic Representative (CO-2)</a>,” n.d.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Alan Prendergast, “<a href="https://www.westword.com/news/mark-udalls-last-senate-campaign-save-browns-canyon-6052994">Mark Udall’s Last Senate Campaign: Save Browns Canyon</a>,” <em>Westword</em>, December 2, 2014.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Tom Roeder, “<a href="https://gazette.com/news/army-neighbors-reach-pi-n-canyon-armistice/article_5ba542c5-5fd1-5583-8bb9-22966172032c.html">Army, Neighbors Reach Piñon Canyon Armistice</a>,” <em>Gazette </em>(Colorado Springs), November 25, 2013.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Mark Udall, “‘<a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/105382598600900104?journalCode=jeea">Climbing the Ladder,’ in Outward Bound: An Interview with Mark Udall, Executive Director of the Colorado Outward Bound School</a>,” <em>Journal of Experiential Education</em>, May 1, 1986.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Mark Udall and Michael Bennet, <a href="https://www.scribd.com/document/248217001/Udall-Bennet-Urge-President-to-Listen-to-Coloradans-Consider-Designating-Browns-Canyon-as-a-National-Monument">Letter to President Barack Obama</a>, November 25, 2014.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“<a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CDOC-113sdoc37/pdf/CDOC-113sdoc37.pdf">Mark Udall, US Senator from Colorado</a>,” Tributes Delivered in Congress, US Senate Document 113-37 (Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 2015).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>VoteSmart.org, “<a href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/evaluations/12329/mark-udall">Mark Udall’s Ratings and Endorsements</a>,” n.d.</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p>Iulia Gheorghiu, “<a href="https://www.durangoherald.com/articles/83259">Udall Gets Fond Farewell on Senate Floor</a>,” <em>Durango Herald</em>, December 11, 2014.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Florence Williams, “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/284/15052">The Udall Bloodline Is Consistent</a>,” <em>High Country News</em>, October 11, 2004.</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Tue, 09 Jun 2020 23:18:51 +0000 yongli 3281 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org Diana DeGette http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/diana-degette <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Diana DeGette</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-article-image.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-article-image.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div id="carouselEncyclopediaArticle" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="true"> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--3324--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--3324.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/diana-degette"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/Diana_DeGette_Media_1_0.jpg?itok=d3Bm2i1y" width="683" height="1023" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/diana-degette" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Diana DeGette</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="color: rgb(59, 59, 59); font-family: Lato, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">Diana DeGette was elected to represent Colorado's 2nd District in the US House of Representatives in 1997. DeGette took over from fellow Democrat Pat Schroeder, the first woman elected to Congress in Colorado. DeGette took up a number of Schroeder's causes and added some of her own as well, including civil and reproductive rights, expanded access to healthcare and education, and environmental protections.</span></p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2020-06-09T15:03:06-06:00" title="Tuesday, June 9, 2020 - 15:03" class="datetime">Tue, 06/09/2020 - 15:03</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/diana-degette" data-a2a-title="Diana DeGette"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Fdiana-degette&amp;title=Diana%20DeGette"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Diana DeGette (1957– ) is a lawyer and politician who has represented Colorado’s First <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/colorado-congressional-districts"><strong>Congressional District</strong></a>—the city of <a href="/article/denver"><strong>Denver</strong></a>—in the US House of Representatives since 1997. A member of the <strong>Democratic Party</strong>, DeGette is known for her ardent support of reproductive and civil rights, environmental protection, and increased access to healthcare. Before serving in Congress, DeGette attended <strong>Colorado College </strong>and served in the state legislature.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Early Life</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Diana Louise DeGette was born in Tachikawa, Japan, on July 29, 1957, to Patricia and Richard DeGette. Her father was an architect in the air force, and her mother was a teacher. She was the oldest of five children. The family soon returned to Denver, where DeGette spent most of her childhood. She recalls being deeply affected by the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., in 1968, an event that inspired her commitment to civil rights. She attended South High School, graduating in 1975.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>DeGette graduated from Colorado College in <a href="/article/colorado-springs"><strong>Colorado Springs</strong></a> in 1979. She earned a JD from New York University in 1982 and returned to Colorado to work as a public defender and civil rights lawyer. In 1985 she married attorney Lino Lipinsky, and the couple has two children, Raphaela and Francesca.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Political Career</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>DeGette was elected to represent Colorado’s Sixth District in the state legislature in 1992, and she was made assistant minority leader by the end of her first term. During this time, the Colorado legislature dealt with Colorado’s <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/amendment-2"><strong>Amendment 2</strong></a>, a ballot initiative approved by voters in 1992 that removed antidiscrimination protections for LGBTQ people and was opposed by DeGette.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>After one term, in 1996 DeGette decided to seek national office. She sought to succeed Representative <strong>Pat Schroeder</strong>, who had announced her retirement. With Schroeder’s endorsement and backing from environmental and labor groups, DeGette won the First Congressional District seat with 56 percent of the vote, defeating Republican lawyer <strong>Joe Rogers</strong>.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Civil Rights</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>When DeGette entered the House of Representatives, she made the protection of LGBTQ rights and women’s rights a priority. This position placed her in opposition to Republican Speaker Newt Gingrich, who was leading conservative efforts to slash welfare and education funding, as well as incorporate conservative Christian values into law.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 1996, just before DeGette’s election, Congress passed the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which defined marriage in the United States as between one man and one woman. DeGette was one of several Democrats to oppose the act, which was eventually signed by President Bill Clinton. During her decades in Congress, DeGette has proven to be a consistent advocate for LGBTQ rights. In 2006 she voted against a proposed constitutional amendment—championed by the George W. Bush administration—that would have restricted marriage to heterosexual couples.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 2018 DeGette spoke out against the US Supreme Court <strong>ruling in favor of Masterpiece Cakeshop</strong> in <strong>Lakewood</strong>, Colorado, whose owner had refused to bake a same-sex wedding cake for two of DeGette’s constituents. She used the ruling to argue in favor of passing the Equality Act, which would prohibit discrimination based on sex or sexual orientation. The bill passed the House of Representatives in 2019 and is in the Senate as of April 2020.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>DeGette has also prioritized women’s rights and reproductive freedom. She has repeatedly voted against bills that would have blocked federal funding for abortions or defunded Planned Parenthood.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Health Care</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Along with LGBTQ and women’s rights, health care has been one of DeGette’s primary concerns while in Congress. In the Gingrich Congress, DeGette argued for the protection of Social Security and other major entitlement programs that Republicans targeted for budget cuts. She has also supported legislation to help poor families receive Medicaid, to expand medical research, to create better standards for medical equipment for children, and to improve care for diabetics.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 2019, as evidence mounted for the health risks of e-cigarette smoking, or “vaping,” DeGette introduced two bills aimed to curb vaping among teens. One would raise the national tobacco purchasing age from eighteen to twenty-one and another would ban the sale of flavored vape juices used in e-cigarette cartridges.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Environment</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>DeGette has also championed environmental protections, most recently through her introduction of the <strong>Colorado Wilderness Act</strong> in 2019. Passed by the House in February 2020, the legislation would designate certain federal lands in Colorado as wilderness areas, placing greater restrictions on their development. DeGette also serves on the House Natural Resources Committee and the Committee on Energy and Commerce.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Reputation</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Throughout her career, DeGette has earned a reputation among her peers for her willingness to take on complex laws and problems, with an emphasis on evidence and detail.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>DeGette has earned high ratings from progressive groups, including 100 percent ratings from the Planned Parenthood Action Fund, the American Medical Association Pact, and Sierra Club. She earned a 55 percent rating from the more conservative US Chamber of Commerce and a 13 percent rating from the National Rifle Association.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Recent Elections</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Since winning her House seat in 1996, DeGette has not been seriously challenged in an election. In 2018 she was reelected with 73.8 percent of the vote over Republican challenger Casper Stockham. In 2019 Crisanta Duran, a Democrat and former speaker of the Colorado House, announced her intention to challenge DeGette in the 2020 election; however, lackluster fundraising and organizing forced Duran to abandon her campaign later that year. In the 2020 election, Degette defeated Republican challenger Shane Bolling and three others, winning 75 percent of the vote.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/diana-degette" hreflang="en">diana degette</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/congress" hreflang="en">congress</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-politics" hreflang="en">colorado politics</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/democrats" hreflang="en">democrats</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/house-representatives" hreflang="en">house of representatives</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-congressional-districts" hreflang="en">colorado congressional districts</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/pat-schroeder" hreflang="en">Pat Schroeder</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/denver" hreflang="en">Denver</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>Conor McCormick-Cavanagh, “<a href="https://www.westword.com/news/diana-degette-pushing-legislation-to-fight-teen-vaping-epidemic-11465783">Diana DeGette Fighting Vaping Epidemic, Pushing to Curb Teen E-Cig Use</a>,” <em>Westword</em>, August 29, 2019.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“<a href="https://degette.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/degette-affirms-support-for-lgbtq-public-accommodations-protections">DeGette Affirms Support for LGBTQ Public Accommodations Protections After Masterpiece Ruling</a>,” Congresswoman Diana DeGette, Press Release, June 4, 2018.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>John Frank, “<a href="https://coloradosun.com/2019/10/11/crisanta-duran-withdraw-congress-diana-degette/">Crisanta Duran, Once a Rising Democratic Star, Abandons Bid to Unseat Diana DeGette</a>,” <em>Colorado Sun</em>, October 11, 2019.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“<a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/2546">H.R. 2546—Protecting America’s Wilderness Act</a>,” 116th Congress, 2019.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“<a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/5/text">H.R. 5—Equality Act</a>,” 116th Congress, 2020.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Scott Kersgaard, “<a href="https://www.coloradoindependent.com/2012/05/31/fed-court-ruling-in-doma-case-a-victory-for-states-rights/">Fed Court Ruling in DOMA Case a Victory for States’ Rights</a>,” <em>Colorado Independent</em>, May 31, 2012.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Molly A. Mayhead and Brenda DeVore Marshall, <em>Women’s Political Discourse: A 21st-Century Perspective</em> (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2005).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“<a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/">Rep. Diana DeGette Wins Colorado’s 1st Congressional District Seat</a>,” <em>Washington Post</em>, updated April 8, 2020.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>US House of Representatives, Committee on House Administration, <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wz9OB2xLGecC&amp;pg=PA818&amp;dq=diana+degette&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjEjJ2ln-joAhWTU80KHaDRCoEQ6AEwBXoECAgQAg#v=onepage&amp;q=diana%20degette&amp;f=false"><em>Women in Congress</em></a><em>, 1917–2006</em> (Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 2006).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Justin Wingerter, "<a href="https://www.denverpost.com/2020/11/03/jason-crow-steve-house-cd6-colorado-race/">US House incumbents in Colorado win reelection</a>," The Denver Post, November 3, 2020.</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p><a href="https://degette.house.gov/">Diana DeGette for Congress</a>.</p>&#13; &#13; <p><a href="https://www.ontheissues.org/House/Diana_DeGette.htm">Diana DeGette on the Issues</a>, OnTheIssues.org.</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Tue, 09 Jun 2020 21:03:06 +0000 yongli 3277 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org Colorado Congressional Districts http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/colorado-congressional-districts <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Colorado Congressional Districts</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2020-06-09T14:59:51-06:00" title="Tuesday, June 9, 2020 - 14:59" class="datetime">Tue, 06/09/2020 - 14:59</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/colorado-congressional-districts" data-a2a-title="Colorado Congressional Districts"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Fcolorado-congressional-districts&amp;title=Colorado%20Congressional%20Districts"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Colorado is divided into seven Congressional districts according to population, with each district represented by an elected member of the United States House of Representatives. Colorado representatives serve two-year terms, as required by the US Constitution. There are no term limits for members of Congress. Colorado’s longest-serving representative is currently Democrat <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/diana-degette"><strong>Diana DeGette</strong></a>, who has served since 1997.</p> <h2>Descriptions</h2> <p>Colorado’s First Congressional District encompasses the city of <a href="/article/denver"><strong>Denver</strong></a>. The Second District covers northern Colorado, including <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/fort-collins"><strong>Fort Collins</strong></a>, <a href="/article/grand-county"><strong>Grand County</strong></a>, <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/boulder"><strong>Boulder</strong></a>, and <a href="/article/summit-county"><strong>Summit County</strong></a>. The Third District encompasses all of <a href="/article/western-slope"><strong>western Colorado</strong></a>, the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/san-luis-valley"><strong>San Luis Valley</strong></a>, and <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/pueblo-county"><strong>Pueblo County</strong></a>. The Fourth District includes all of the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/colorado’s-great-plains"><strong>Great Plains</strong></a> and southeast Colorado. The Fifth District includes <a href="/article/colorado-springs"><strong>Colorado Springs</strong></a>, <a href="/article/park-county"><strong>South Park</strong></a>, and <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/cripple-creek"><strong>Cripple Creek</strong></a>. The Sixth and Seventh Districts cover the rest of the Denver Metro area, including <strong>Aurora</strong> and <strong>Littleton</strong> (Sixth), and <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/golden"><strong>Golden</strong></a>, <strong>Arvada</strong>, and <strong>Westminster</strong> (Seventh).</p> <h2>Representatives</h2> <p>First District—Diana DeGette (D), elected 1996</p> <p>Second District—<a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/joe-neguse"><strong>Joe Neguse</strong></a> (D), elected 2018</p> <p>Third District—<strong>Scott Tipton</strong> (R), elected 2010</p> <p>Fourth District—<a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/ken-buck"><strong>Ken Buck</strong></a> (R), elected 2014</p> <p>Fifth District—<strong>Doug Lamborn</strong> (R), elected 2006</p> <p>Sixth District—<strong>Jason Crow</strong> (D), elected 2018</p> <p>Seventh District—<strong>Ed Perlmutter</strong> (D), elected 2006</p> <h2>History</h2> <p>From its founding in 1861 until statehood in 1876, the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/colorado-territory"><strong>Colorado Territory</strong></a> was represented in Washington, DC, by one delegate, elected by popular vote. After statehood, the delegate became a representative, and the number of representatives depended on state population, as laid out in the US Constitution. From 1913 to 1915, the state had two representatives. Since then Colorado has added more districts as its population has grown, reaching its current total of seven in 2012.</p> <h2>Notable Representatives</h2> <p>Colorado’s first territorial delegate was <strong>Hiram P. Bennet</strong>, Republican, who served from 1861 to 1865. The first US representative for the state of Colorado was <strong>James B. Belford</strong>, Republican, who served from 1876 to 1877 and again from 1879 to 1885.</p> <p>In the twentieth century, a pair of Democratic representatives helped protect Colorado’s public lands and water resources. <strong>Edward T. Taylor</strong>, who served from 1909 to 1941, authored the <strong>Taylor Grazing Act of 1934</strong>, which regulated grazing on federal land. Taylor’s successor, <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/wayne-aspinall"><strong>Wayne Aspinall</strong></a>, represented Colorado’s Fourth District from 1949 to 1973 and is known for his <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/irrigation-colorado"><strong>irrigation</strong></a> projects and defense of <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/water-law"><strong>water</strong> <strong>rights</strong></a> on the <a href="/article/western-slope"><strong>Western Slope</strong></a>. Aspinall championed the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/colorado-river"><strong>Colorado River</strong></a> Storage Project of 1956.</p> <p><a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/patricia-pat-schroeder"><strong>Patricia Schroeder</strong></a> became the first congresswoman in Colorado history when she was elected as a Democrat to represent the state’s First District in 1973. Her successor, Diana DeGette, has continued Schroeder’s advocacy for women’s and reproductive rights, among other progressive causes. Meanwhile, <a href="/article/greeley"><strong>Greeley</strong></a> native <strong>Marilyn Musgrave</strong> was the first Republican woman elected to Congress in Colorado, representing the state’s Fourth District from 2003 to 2009. Musgrave staunchly opposed abortion, gun control, and unions and was consistently recognized as one of the most conservative members of Congress.</p> <p>Elected to represent Colorado’s Third District in 1986, <strong>Ben Nighthorse Campbell </strong>was the first member of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> Tribe to serve in Congress. Campbell began his political career as a House Democrat but switched to the Republican Party after he was elected to the Senate in the early 1990s.</p> <p>Current governor <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/jared-polis"><strong>Jared Polis</strong></a>, Democrat, represented Colorado’s Second District from 2009 to 2019. His successor in the Second District, <strong>Joe Neguse</strong>, Democrat, became Colorado’s first African American elected to the House of Representatives.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/congress" hreflang="en">congress</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-representatives" hreflang="en">colorado representatives</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/democrats" hreflang="en">democrats</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/republicans" hreflang="en">republicans</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/politics" hreflang="en">Politics</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-politics" hreflang="en">colorado politics</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/congressional-districts" hreflang="en">congressional districts</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/house-representatives" hreflang="en">house of representatives</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-congresspeople" hreflang="en">colorado congresspeople</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/diana-degette" hreflang="en">diana degette</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/pat-schroeder" hreflang="en">Pat Schroeder</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/bob-beauprez" hreflang="en">bob beauprez</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/edward-t-taylor-0" hreflang="en">edward t taylor</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>Carl Abbott, Stephen Leonard, and David McComb, <em>Colorado: A History of the Centennial State </em>3rd ed. (Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 1994).</p> <p>Colorado State Board of Education, “<a href="https://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeboard/congressional_district_map">Colorado Congressional District Information</a>,” n.d.</p> <p>Govtrack, “<a href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/CO#representatives">Colorado Representatives</a>,” n.d.</p> <p>Haley Gray, “<a href="https://www.5280.com/meet-joe-neguse-colorados-first-african-american-congressman/">Meet Joe Neguse, Colorado’s First African-American Congressman</a>,” <em>5280 Magazine</em>, January 16, 2019.</p> <p>US House of Representatives, “<a href="https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/22724">Taylor, Edward Thomas</a>,” n.d.</p> <p>US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, “<a href="https://www.blm.gov/programs/natural-resources/rangelands-and-grazing/livestock-grazing/about">About Livestock Grazing on Public Lands</a>,” n.d.</p> <p>Herman J. Viola, <em>Ben Nighthorse Campbell: An American Warrior </em>(Boulder, CO: Johnson Books, 2002).</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p>Eugene Berwanger, <em>The Rise of the Centennial State: Colorado Territory, 1861–76 </em>(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2007).</p> <p>Thomas E. Cronin and Robert D. Loevy, <em>Colorado Politics and Policy: Governing a Purple State </em>(Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2012).</p> <p>Thomas J. Noel and Carol Zuber-Mallison, <em>Colorado: A Historical Atlas </em>(Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2015).</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Tue, 09 Jun 2020 20:59:51 +0000 yongli 3276 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org Bob Beauprez http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/bob-beauprez <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Bob Beauprez</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2020-06-09T14:56:05-06:00" title="Tuesday, June 9, 2020 - 14:56" class="datetime">Tue, 06/09/2020 - 14:56</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/bob-beauprez" data-a2a-title="Bob Beauprez"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Fbob-beauprez&amp;title=Bob%20Beauprez"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Bob Beauprez (1948–) is a rancher and former banker and politician from <a href="/article/boulder-county"><strong>Boulder County</strong></a>. He represented Colorado’s Seventh <strong>Congressional District</strong> from 2003 to 2007 and ran unsuccessfully for governor in 2006 and 2014. A devout Catholic and member of the <strong>Republican Party</strong>, Beauprez has long maintained his stance as a moderate conservative despite rightward shifts within the Republican Party. After leaving politics, Beauprez bought a 1,300-acre <a href="/article/bison"><strong>bison</strong></a> ranch in <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/jackson-county"><strong>North Park</strong></a>, where he now spends most of his time.</p> <h2>Early Life</h2> <p>Robert Louis Beauprez was born on September 22, 1948, to Marie and Joseph Beauprez on the family’s dairy farm in <strong>Lafayette</strong>. Bob was the youngest of three brothers in an intensely Catholic family. Joseph Beauprez’s father was a Belgian immigrant who brought his family to rural Lafayette in the early twentieth century. Bob Beauprez has cited his childhood as an inspiration for his political career: while he did not fancy the ranching life, he came to appreciate his parents’ dogged work ethic, and he resented the federal government for levying an estate tax on the farm that made it hard for the family to make ends meet. Beauprez attended Fairview High School, where he met his eventual wife, Claudia, and was an All-Conference football player.</p> <p>Beauprez attended the <strong>University of Colorado</strong> in the late 1960s, when the <strong>counterculture </strong>movement swept across American campuses. Beauprez, however, has said he was “disgusted” by the antiwar protests, drug use, atheism, and loose sexual attitudes of his peers. In college, however, Beauprez was no conservative. His father was a Democrat, and the son’s own political views were closer to those of John F. Kennedy, the country’s first Catholic president, than to Richard Nixon. He graduated with a degree in physical education in 1970. Although he hoped to escape the family farm after graduating, he ended up back home after his plans to move to New Zealand and work as a geologist did not materialize.</p> <h2>Rancher and Banker</h2> <p>Beauprez and Claudia, newly married, moved into a house on his family’s farm. Although he had somewhat reluctantly returned to ranch life, he soon found that he could make a lot of money by breeding his dad’s prize-winning cattle and selling the embryos. After arthritis forced his father to retire in the late 1980s, Beauprez sold the family farm to real estate developers.</p> <p>Beauprez then took $250,000 in cattle-embryo profits and bought a struggling bank in<strong> Louisville</strong>. He renamed it Heritage Bank and expanded the enterprise into a thirteen-branch, $450 million business by 2006. In 2009 Beauprez sold the bank to New Mexico–based First Community Bank, making $16.5 million.</p> <h2>Politics</h2> <p>Beauprez has cited Democratic President John F. Kennedy as a political inspiration, writing in his 2009 book <em>A Return to Values</em> that Kennedy “spoke of a strong, unyielding America that could withstand any challenge, and of a citizen’s obligation to contribute to the country.” But in the mid-1970s, Beauprez’s inroads in the business community, as well as the political climate, pushed him toward the Republican Party.</p> <p>Beauprez has cited the Supreme Court’s 1973 <em>Roe v. Wade</em> decision, the “feminism movement,” and the “strong antiestablishment movement that existed” after the Vietnam War as reasons why he abandoned the Democratic Party. “These new Democrats,” Beauprez wrote in <em>A Return to Values</em>, “didn’t sound much like JFK to me.” Republicans, he continued, “seemed to be the ones talking about personal responsibility, individual liberty, economic opportunity, and standing up to the Soviet threat.” So, while his father voted for Jimmy Carter in the 1980 presidential election, Bob voted for his Republican challenger and eventual winner, Ronald Reagan.</p> <p>As Beauprez became better connected in the Colorado business world, Republicans in Boulder County saw him as someone who could speak to both the party’s suit-and-tie business demographic and its working-class rural demographic. He was made chair of the Boulder County Republicans in 1997, and two years later was named chairman of the Colorado Republican Party.</p> <h2>House of Representatives</h2> <p>Beauprez entered electoral politics in Colorado’s newly created Seventh Congressional District in 2002. During the campaign, he touted his business credentials and described his priorities as “improving education, creating jobs, lowering taxes and protecting Medicare and Social Security.” Beauprez’s campaign messaging, which included Democratic priorities such as protecting the nation’s welfare system, reflected Colorado’s political reputation in the early 2000s as a “purple” state with a near-even mix of Democratic and Republican voters, especially along the <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/front-range"><strong>Front Range</strong></a>. In the dramatic election, a recount saw Beauprez defeat his Democratic opponent, Mike Feeley, by just 121 votes. Beauprez was now a Republican member of the 108th Congress representing the Democratic-leaning <a href="/article/denver"><strong>Denver</strong></a> suburbs.</p> <p>In 2003 Beauprez cosponsored his first bill, HR 1562, which called for insurance companies to reimburse the Department of Veterans Affairs for costs of “medical care furnished to veterans.” The bill had bipartisan support but ultimately failed. Beauprez went on to sponsor or cosponsor twenty-three bills through his four-year stint in Congress, many of which focused on veterans and military issues as well as management plans for federal lands and projects in Colorado. Most of this legislation, however, died in committee, with only one Beauprez-sponsored bill making it to the Senate. That bill, HR 2766, provided for a land exchange between the city of <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/golden"><strong>Golden</strong></a> and the Arapaho and Roosevelt <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/us-forest-service-colorado"><strong>National Forests</strong></a>, but the Senate ultimately rejected it.</p> <p>Beauprez’s legislative agenda reflected his interest in balancing private and public solutions to pressing issues. In July 2005, for example, he introduced the Rural Colorado Water Infrastructure Act, which would have authorized the secretary of the army to provide “environmental assistance” to private businesses, including “design and construction assistance for water-related environmental infrastructure and resource protection.” Although the bill was not enacted, it reflected Beauprez’s conservative belief that in environmental stewardship as well as other areas, government should support personal responsibility instead of setting up its own costly projects and programs.</p> <p>During his two terms in Congress, Beauprez served on the Ways and Means, Veterans Affairs, and Transportation Committees.</p> <h2>Gubernatorial Campaigns</h2> <p>In 2006 Beauprez, then among the brightest stars in Colorado’s Republican ranks, made his first bid for governor. He raised $3.7 million, but his Democratic opponent, <strong>Bill Ritter</strong>, brought in more money and captured the governorship with 57 percent of the vote. With Beauprez on the gubernatorial ballot, Democrat <strong>Ed Perlmutter</strong> carried Beauprez’s former district, winning the Seventh by more than 20,000 votes.</p> <p>By 2012 some Republicans wanted Beauprez to challenge Democrat <strong>Mark Udall</strong> for his Senate seat, but Beauprez opted to try again for the governorship in 2014. In late June 2014 Beauprez secured the Colorado GOP nomination, besting anti-immigration hardliner <strong>Tom Tancredo</strong>. In the general election, Beauprez took on incumbent Democratic governor John Hickenlooper. He positioned himself as a moderate conservative, indicating his support for public education and the state’s recent <a href="http://www.coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/cannabis-marijuana"><strong>marijuana</strong></a> legalization, but criticizing Hickenlooper on prison policy, oil and gas regulation, and Medicaid expansion. He also suggested that Colorado should be given more control over its federal lands.</p> <p>The 2014 gubernatorial race was closer than many expected, but Hickenlooper prevailed with 49 percent of the vote versus Beauprez’s 46 percent. Beauprez left politics after the 2014 election.</p> <h2>Return to Values</h2> <p>In between his bids to become Colorado’s governor, Beauprez wrote <em>Return to Values</em>, his political manifesto, in 2009. The book was equal parts celebration and critique of contemporary conservative politics. Despite his admiration for the party’s commitment to issues such as antiabortion policies and lower taxes, Beauprez called for a return to Reagan-era political norms, when he believed policy discussion was prioritized over election results. He criticized what he called the “blood sport” of the contemporary GOP, in which Republicans fought with a “mercenary zeal to proclaim oneself as the purest Republican.” “How can a debate of ideas even occur,” he wrote, “when the only idea that matters is winning?”</p> <h2>Postpolitical Career</h2> <p>Beauprez now spends most of his time on his North Park ranch, but he has remained active in politics. He still believes that solutions to the most pressing problems come from the middle ground between Left and Right, though he laments that neither party nor their supporters seem to agree with him. Beauprez was briefly considered for the position of interior secretary under President Donald Trump, but the administration instead picked the more conservative Ryan Zinke.</p> <p>Since 2016 Beauprez has run Colorado Pioneer Action (CPA), a political action committee that he erroneously registered as a nonprofit. In 2017 the state ordered CPA to pay a fine of $17,000—the second-largest such fine in state history—for failing to register as a political organization.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/bob-beauprez" hreflang="en">bob beauprez</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/republican" hreflang="en">republican</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-republicans" hreflang="en">Colorado Republicans</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-politics" hreflang="en">colorado politics</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/house-representatives" hreflang="en">house of representatives</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-congressional-districts" hreflang="en">colorado congressional districts</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-congressmen" hreflang="en">colorado congressmen</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/congresspeople" hreflang="en">congresspeople</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/politicians" hreflang="en">politicians</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>“<a href="https://www.dailycamera.com/2009/08/14/bad-loans-surprise-heritage-bank-buyer/">Bad Loans Surprise Heritage Bank Buyer</a>,” <em>Boulder Daily Camera</em>, August 14, 2009.</p> <p>Ballotpedia, “<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Bob_Beauprez">Bob Beauprez</a>,” n.d.</p> <p>Bob Beauprez, <em>A Return to Values: A Conservative Looks at His Party</em> (Golden, CO: Fulcrum, 2009).</p> <p><a href="https://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20020809070804/http:/www.bobbeauprez.com/">Bob Beauprez for United States Congress</a>, 2002.</p> <p>Joey Bunch, “<a href="https://www.coloradopolitics.com/news/cover-story-bob-beauprez-colo-s-partisan-past-should-bend/article_951aa0b4-998c-5a50-ad51-dec3f9db6907.html">Bob Beauprez: Colo.’s Partisan Past Should Bend Toward the Middle</a>,” <em>Colorado Politics</em>, June 26, 2018.</p> <p>Followthemoney.org, “<a href="https://www.followthemoney.org/tools/election-overview?s=CO&amp;y=2006">Election Overview: Colorado 2006</a>,” n.d.</p> <p>Katie Glueck, “<a href="https://www.politico.com/story/2014/06/bob-beauprez-colorado-primary-2014-108271">Beauprez Bests Tancredo in Colo.</a>,” <em>Politico</em>, June 24, 2014.</p> <p>Govtrack, “<a href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/108/hr1562">H.R. 1562 (108th): Veterans Health Care Cost Recovery Act of 2003</a>,” n.d.</p> <p>Govtrack, “<a href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/108/hr2766/summary">H.R. 2766 (108th): Arapaho and Roosevelt National Forests Land Exchange Act of 2003</a>,” n.d.</p> <p>Govtrack, “<a href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/109/hr3521">H.R. 3521 (109th): Rural Colorado Water Infrastructure Act</a>,” n.d.</p> <p>Susan Greene, “<a href="https://www.coloradoindependent.com/2014/09/03/bob-beauprez-last-8-years-conservatism-at-its-extremes/">Bob Beauprez’s Last Eight Years: Conservatism at Its Extremes</a>,” <em>Colorado Independent</em>, September 3, 2014.</p> <p>Corey Hutchins, “<a href="https://www.coloradoindependent.com/2017/04/26/bob-beauprez-matt-arnold-fine-colorado-dark-money/">Judge Says Ex-Congressman Bob Beauprez’s Group Must Pay $17,000 in Campaign Finance Fines</a>,” <em>Colorado Independent</em>, April 26, 2017.</p> <p>Nathaniel Minor, “<a href="https://www.cpr.org/2014/10/21/colorado-governor-race-hickenlooper-beauprez-hempy-and-hess-on-the-issues/">Colorado Governor Race: Hickenlooper, Beauprez, Hempy and Hess on the issues</a>,” <em>CPR News</em>, October 21, 2014.</p> <p>Maximillian Potter, “<a href="https://www.5280.com/the-life-of-the-party/">The Life of the Party</a>,” <em>5280 Magazine</em>, August 28, 2010.</p> <p>Robert Yoon, “<a href="https://www.cnn.com/2002/ALLPOLITICS/11/22/colorado.recount/index.html">Colorado House Race Headed to Recount</a>,” <em>CNN</em>, November 22, 2002.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p>Thomas E. Cronin and Robert D. Loevy, <em>Colorado Politics and Policy: Governing a Purple State </em>(Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2012).</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Tue, 09 Jun 2020 20:56:05 +0000 yongli 3275 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org