%1 http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/ en Driggs Mansion http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/driggs-mansion <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Driggs Mansion</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2017-05-03T16:52:49-06:00" title="Wednesday, May 3, 2017 - 16:52" class="datetime">Wed, 05/03/2017 - 16:52</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/driggs-mansion" data-a2a-title="Driggs Mansion"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Fdriggs-mansion&amp;title=Driggs%20Mansion"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Driggs Mansion is a one-story sandstone house in <strong>Unaweep Canyon</strong> that was built for Laurence Driggs around 1918. Constructed by <a href="/article/grand-junction">Grand Junction</a> stonemason <strong>Nunzio Grasso</strong> and his son, the house later served as a hunting retreat before parts of it were torn down in the 1940s and 1950s. Today the mansion’s ruins are a local landmark along the <strong>Unaweep-Tabeguache Scenic and Historic Byway</strong>, and in 2005 it was listed on the State Register of Historic Properties.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Driggs Mansion</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>New York attorney and aviation advocate Laurence La Tourette Driggs came to Unaweep Canyon in the 1910s. Whites had started to settle the canyon in late 1881, after the <a href="/search/google/ute">Utes</a> were removed from the area, and it soon became home to farmers, ranchers, and miners. What brought Driggs to the remote canyon is unknown, but in 1916 he acquired the rights to an old copper mine and in 1917–18 he used the <strong>Desert Land Act</strong> to claim 320 acres in the shadow of the canyon’s large Thimble Rock formation.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Driggs hired Italian stonemason Nunzio Grasso of Grand Junction to build a house on his property near West Creek. Grasso and his son Vincent probably started the project in 1917—but perhaps as early as 1914—and completed it in 1918. They used stone from nearby Mayflower Canyon to build a one-story residence with an Italian farmhouse look. The rectangular house had a massive arched entryway on the northwest façade, a sloping front-gabled roof, and front and back porches made of poured concrete. The original design included an octagonal window above the entrance. The thick walls were made of semi-coursed sandstone blocks on the exterior and regular sandstone cobbles finished with cement plaster on the interior. Inside, the house had at least two hand-carved fireplaces and six rooms spread across roughly 1,200 square feet. It included a small northeast wing that probably functioned as a kitchen or utility room and a long southeast extension with at least two bedrooms. The southeast wing also enclosed an entry to the basement, which was used for ice storage.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Driggs raised cattle on his land in Unaweep Canyon, but it is unclear how long he used the house. Some accounts say he never lived there because his wife supposedly disliked the West. His aviation work in Europe during <strong>World War I</strong> also kept him away from Colorado. He sold the property in 1923.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Later Use and Abuse</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>The house’s next owners were Grand Junction residents George Turpin, Guy Sternberg, and Arthur Gormley. They named the stone house Chateau Thimble Rock and used it as a retreat for hunting and fishing trips. In the late 1930s, the house was rented to the Sturm family to use as a residence, and in 1941 local rancher Jerome Craig bought the property.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>By the time Craig acquired the house, it was starting to deteriorate. He soon removed the roof to prevent its collapse. Over the next fifty years, natural weathering and vandalism continued to take their toll until most of the walls were partially collapsed.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Stabilization</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Despite its deterioration, Driggs Mansion remained a recognizable and picturesque landmark at about mile 129 along Highway 141 in Unaweep Canyon. Eventually, several local organizations became involved in stabilizing the structure’s ruins to preserve an important part of the canyon’s history and scenery. In the 1990s, the Unaweep-Tabeguache Scenic Byway Committee paid to stabilize the mansion’s entry arch and front wall using steel supports. In 2005 the <strong>Western Colorado Interpretive Association</strong> secured a <strong>State Historical Fund</strong> grant to pay for a historic structure assessment. Alpine Archaeological Consultants inspected the site and came up with a stabilization plan. That year the house was listed on the State Register of Historic Properties.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>After a new owner purchased the house, the Interpretive Association of Western Colorado worked with the owner to implement the stabilization plan. In October 2012, the landowner and the State Historical Fund contributed equally to a two-week stabilization project completed by Alpine Archaeological Consultants, which included repointing and resetting stones and improving site drainage to prevent further damage. At the same time, new interpretive signs were put up along Highway 141 to alert drivers on the historic byway of the stone house’s historical significance.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/unaweep-canyon" hreflang="en">Unaweep Canyon</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/nunzio-grasso" hreflang="en">Nunzio Grasso</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/laurence-driggs" hreflang="en">Laurence Driggs</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/historic-houses" hreflang="en">historic houses</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>Kristen Ashbeck and Judy Prosser-Armstrong, “Driggs Mansion,” Colorado State Register of Historic Properties Nomination Form (May 11, 2005).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>James Firor and Ronald Burr Neely Jr., “Driggs Mansion [5ME765],” Colorado Cultural Resource Survey (2005).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Emma McCreanor, <em>Mesa County, Colorado: A 100 Year History (1883–1983)</em> (Grand Junction: Museum of Western Colorado Press, 1986).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Chris Miller, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-FWl_15dLoU">“Driggs Mansion Stabilization,”</a> YouTube, April 22, 2013.</p>&#13; &#13; <p><a href="http://wcinterp.com/portfolio/stabilization-of-the-historic-driggs-mansion/">“Stabilization of the Historic Driggs Mansion,”</a> Interpretive Association of Western Colorado, Recent Projects.</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p>Thomas P. Huber, <em>Colorado Byways: A Guide through Scenic and Historic Landscapes</em> (Niwot: University Press of Colorado, 1997).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>James Keener, <em>Colorado Highway 141, Unaweep to Uravan: Travel through 1.7 Billion Years into the Atomic Age</em> (Grand Junction: Grand River, 1988).</p>&#13; &#13; <p><a href="https://www.utbyway.com/">Unaweep-Tabeguache Scenic and Historic Byway</a></p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Wed, 03 May 2017 22:52:49 +0000 yongli 2529 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org Stranges Grocery http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/stranges-grocery <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Stranges Grocery</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-article-image.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-article-image.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div id="carouselEncyclopediaArticle" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="true"> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--2462--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--2462.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/stranges-grocery-today"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/Stranges_Grocery_20170415_1.jpg?itok=kj6SibxU" width="1000" height="667" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/stranges-grocery-today" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Stranges Grocery Today</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>In 2001, Colorado Preservation Inc. named Stranges Grocery as one of the state's Most Endangered Places, but by 2013 the organization successfully got the building listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2016-10-31T11:54:46-06:00" title="Monday, October 31, 2016 - 11:54" class="datetime">Mon, 10/31/2016 - 11:54</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/stranges-grocery" data-a2a-title="Stranges Grocery"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Fstranges-grocery&amp;title=Stranges%20Grocery"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Located at 226 Pitkin Avenue in <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/grand-junction"><strong>Grand Junction</strong></a>, Stranges Grocery is a two-story commercial building that housed one of four Italian groceries in the early twentieth century. Built in 1909 by local stonemason Nunzio Grasso, the grocery was owned and operated by Italian immigrant Carl Stranges and his family until the 1960s. After being threatened by a road reconfiguration and named as one of Colorado’s Most Endangered Places in 2001, Stranges Grocery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.</p> <h2>Grand Junction’s Little Italy</h2> <p>As immigration from Italy to the United States surged between 1880 and 1920, Little Italys—neighborhoods full of Italian residents and businesses—took shape in cities across the country. Many Italian immigrants found work on the railroads, so their neighborhoods often took shape near rail yards. That was the case in Grand Junction, where a Little Italy formed in the 1890s near the <strong>Denver &amp; Rio Grande Railroad</strong> <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/grand-junction-depot"><strong>station</strong></a> in the southwestern corner of the city. Grand Junction’s Little Italy, which was largely made up of immigrants from Calabria in southern Italy, eventually encompassed about two dozen blocks.</p> <p>In 1909, Carl Stranges opened Stranges Grocery on Pitkin Avenue, not far from the train station. Stranges had come to the United States from Italy in the 1880s, when he was about twenty years old. The building where he opened his grocery was built by another Italian immigrant, Nunzio Grasso, a noted local stonemason. Grasso built the store out of rusticated sandstone from the <strong>Book Cliffs</strong>. The two-story building was a combination of Italianate and Romanesque Revival styles, with three rounded stone arches across the front of the main level and two rectangular windows on the second level above the outer arches.</p> <p>Inside, the building’s first floor had two rooms, a larger front room for the grocery store and a smaller back room for storage. Stranges Grocery was one of four groceries in Grand Junction’s Little Italy. Residents in the neighborhood visited the groceries every day or two to buy fresh food for their families and catch up on local news and gossip. Each store probably carried different items and catered to diverse Italian regional cuisines. Photographs show that Stranges carried canned goods, dry goods, sausages, bread, vegetables, and coffee.</p> <p>The second floor of Stranges Grocery building had three small apartments, which had space for a bed, a chest of drawers, a sink, and a bathroom, but not much else. They probably housed new immigrants who were getting settled in Little Italy, such as railroad workers or family members of neighborhood residents.</p> <p>Grand Junction’s Little Italy was probably at its height in the 1910s and early 1920s. At that time, the state’s Italian-born population peaked at about 15,000, with another 25,000 second-generation Italian Americans. In Grand Junction, Italian immigrants were subjected to discrimination from the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/ku-klux-klan-colorado"><strong>Ku Klux Klan</strong></a>, leading the growing Italian population to stay in the safety of Little Italy, which allowed Italian-run businesses to thrive in the area.</p> <h2>Today</h2> <p>A combination of social and economic changes caused Grand Junction’s Little Italy to decline in the middle decades of the twentieth century. By the late 1920s, as the number of Italian Americans increased and anti-Italian discrimination decreased, they were able to move out of Little Italy into the rest of Grand Junction. Then, as the <strong>Great Depression</strong> hit, many Italian workers left the area to find work wherever they could. Even though the economy recovered during and after World War II, Italians and other southern and eastern European immigrants had by that time become accepted as Americans, and there was no need or desire for them to remain segregated in their own neighborhoods.</p> <p>As Grand Junction’s Little Italy declined, old neighborhood businesses like Stranges Grocery no longer had enough customers to stay open. Carl Stranges continued to manage the store until shortly before his death in 1942. He willed the grocery to his niece and her husband. They were able to keep the grocery open until at least 1953, but by 1963 the building was vacant. In the late twentieth century it passed through the hands of several owners, and a variety of businesses occupied the space.</p> <p>By 2000, Stranges was the only unaltered Italian grocery building that still existed in Grand Junction, but it was threatened by a proposed road reconfiguration project. In 2001, the nonprofit Colorado Preservation Inc. listed the building as one of the state’s Endangered Places, and the city of Grand Junction redesigned the road project to save the building. Colorado Preservation worked with the property owner to get Stranges Grocery listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013 and to find a new use for the building that will allow for its restoration.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/carl-stranges" hreflang="en">Carl Stranges</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/nunzio-grasso" hreflang="en">Nunzio Grasso</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/grand-junction" hreflang="en">Grand Junction</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/italian-immigrants" hreflang="en">Italian immigrants</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/little-italy" hreflang="en">Little Italy</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>Rachel Parris, “Stranges Grocery,” National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (May 22, 2012).</p> <p><a href="https://coloradopreservation.org/programs/endangered-places/endangered-places-archives/stranges-grocery/">“Stranges Grocery,”</a> Endangered Places Archive, Colorado Preservation.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p>Dave Fishell, <em>The Grand Heritage: A Photographic History of Grand Junction, Colorado</em> (Norfolk, VA: Donning, 1985).</p> <p>Andrew Rolle, <em>Westward the Immigrants: Italian Adventurers and Colonists in an Expanding America</em> (Niwot: University Press of Colorado, 1999).</p> <p>Kathleen Hill Underwood, <em>Town Building on the Frontier: Grand Junction, Colorado, 1880–1900</em> (PhD diss., University of California–Los Angeles, 1982).</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Mon, 31 Oct 2016 17:54:46 +0000 yongli 2009 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org