%1 http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/ en Fort Collins http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/fort-collins <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Fort Collins</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-article-image.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-article-image.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div id="carouselEncyclopediaArticle" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="true"> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--2741--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--2741.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/fort-collins-1865"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/CO_Fort_Collins_1865_0.jpg?itok=AhxSKtDc" width="1090" height="614" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/fort-collins-1865" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Fort Collins, 1865</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Drawing of Camp Collins along the Cache la Poudre River (foreground), c. 1865. The camp was named after Lt. William O. Collins, an Ohio cavalry officer.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2017-09-13T14:46:43-06:00" title="Wednesday, September 13, 2017 - 14:46" class="datetime">Wed, 09/13/2017 - 14:46</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/fort-collins" data-a2a-title="Fort Collins"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Ffort-collins&amp;title=Fort%20Collins"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Fort Collins, the fourth-most populous city in Colorado, lies along the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/cache-la-poudre-river"><strong>Cache la Poudre River</strong></a> near the foothills of the northern <a href="/article/front-range"><strong>Front Range</strong></a>. The seat of <a href="/article/larimer-county"><strong>Larimer County</strong></a>, Fort Collins was founded as an Army camp in 1864 and has since developed into a regional hub for education, business, culture, and recreation. The city currently has a population of 161,000.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Fort Collins, nicknamed “Choice City,” is the home of <strong>Colorado State University</strong>, Colorado’s first land-grant college, as well as a host of popular craft beer breweries and several major technology companies. Cycling, craft beer, and music are all elements of the local culture, and the town lies close to a number of natural attractions, including the Cache la Poudre River and the Poudre Canyon, <strong>Horsetooth Mountain </strong>and<strong> <a href="/article/horsetooth-reservoir">Horsetooth Reservoir</a></strong>, and <strong>Estes Park</strong>.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>The Council Tree</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Prior to the arrival of white settlers in the mid-nineteenth century, the Cache la Poudre valley was the home of the <a href="/search/google/ute"><strong>Ute</strong></a>, <strong>Arapaho</strong>, and <strong>Cheyenne</strong> people. In 1820 Major <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/stephen-h-long"><strong>Stephen H. Long</strong></a> led the first official US expedition through the valley. In the ensuing decades he was followed by fur trappers, emigrants, and homesteaders.</p>&#13; &#13; <p><a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/cottonwood-trees"><strong>Cottonwood trees</strong></a> grow in the hundreds in the river bottoms along the Cache la Poudre River. However, one tree several miles east of present-day Fort Collins towered over the rest. At more than 100 feet tall and with a trunk reportedly 16 feet wide, this ancient cottonwood had been adopted by the Arapaho people as a council tree—a communal place to camp, fish, and hold council over important issues.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In May 1860 rancher Robert Strauss arrived near present-day Fort Collins and established his home on land that held the council tree. Strauss had an amiable relationship with a local Arapaho leader known to English speakers as <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/teenokuhu-friday"><strong>Friday</strong></a> (his Arapaho name translates to “The Man Who Sits Thinking”). Even though Strauss considered himself owner of the land, he did not dispute the Arapaho presence on it.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The Arapaho continued to convene at the council tree without much trouble until 1861, when the <a href="/article/treaty-fort-wise"><strong>Treaty of Fort Wise</strong></a> attempted to remove several groups of Cheyenne and Arapaho to a small area in southeastern Colorado. A handful of Arapaho leaders signed the treaty, though they later said they did not fully understand its terms and did not agree to cede tribal lands. Friday continued to camp near the council tree.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>On May 20, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln signed the first <a href="/article/homestead"><strong>Homestead Act</strong></a>, opening a new era of westward expansion and conquest in American history. Between 1862 and 1864 more than 1 million homesteads were granted to settlers who traveled west on the <a href="/article/overland-trail"><strong>Overland Trail</strong></a> and other wagon routes. Those migrating across the <a href="/article/colorado%E2%80%99s-great-plains"><strong>Great Plains</strong></a> and beyond came into direct and sometimes violent competition with Native Americans for land, food, fuel, and other resources, which gave way to numerous conflicts throughout the <a href="/article/colorado-territory"><strong>Colorado Territory</strong></a>.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>From Camp to Fort</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>To protect goods and people moving along the Overland Trail, the US government dispatched cavalry units in strategic locations. Camp Collins, on the Cache la Poudre River near <strong>LaPorte</strong>, was one of these locations. It was named after Lt. Col.<strong> William O. Collins</strong> of the Eleventh Ohio Volunteer Cavalry. In its first location,  the camp was vulnerable to seasonal <a href="/article/flooding-colorado"><strong>flooding</strong></a>. On June 12, 1864, the camp flooded, and a majority of its equipment was lost. To meet the needs of the cavalry, a new encampment had to be built at a different site. On August 20, 1864, Collins wrote out a special order calling for a permanent post to be built on the Cache la Poudre.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In late October 1864, the Fort Collins Military Post was established on what is now the northeast edge of the city’s Old Town district. It was given the name “Fort Collins” to distinguish it from the earlier camp. The small fort was surrounded by a military reservation of more than 6,000 acres and housed many different military units.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In November 1864, US cavalry slaughtered more than 150 peaceful Arapaho and Cheyenne camped near <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/sand-creek-massacre"><strong>Sand Creek</strong></a>, igniting wide-open conflict between the United States and the two Native American nations. Amidst these growing hostilities, Friday fled the Fort Collins area, rejoining his Northern Arapaho people in Wyoming.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Fort Collins was only garrisoned for another two-and-a-half years before local conflicts with Native Americans subsided, expiring its purpose. The fort was decommissioned in March 1867 by order of General William T. Sherman.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>From Fort to City</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Despite the fort’s brief tenure as a cavalry garrison, a small community was commissioned around the post shortly after it was opened. Lewis Stone and his wife, the colorful Elizabeth “Auntie” Stone, received permission to build a cabin on the grounds of the fort. Finished in 1864, their two-story cabin at the present corner of Mountain Avenue and Jefferson Street was the first permanent, private dwelling in Fort Collins. “Auntie Stone’s Cabin,” as it came to be known, also operated as the city’s first hotel, initially for military officers and then for the public in 1867.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The Stone family continued efforts to develop Fort Collins from a frontier settlement to a full-fledged community. For example, Elizabeth Stone’s philanthropy included the founding of the Fort Collins <strong>Women’s Christian Temperance Union</strong>. But the Stones were not the only enterprising settlers to capitalize on the military personnel stationed along the Overland Trail.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>To provide basic goods for soldiers and travelers, Joseph Mason, another early Fort Collins resident, built the first permanent storefront at the corner of Jefferson and Linden Streets in 1865. By 1866 the town had both a church and a schoolhouse. In 1867, following the closing of the military post, Fort Collins was surveyed and platted. In 1870 it was chosen as the site of Colorado’s first and only land grant college—<strong>Colorado Agricultural College</strong>.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Colorado Agricultural College</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>As the country recovered from the <strong>Civil War</strong>, the small community of Fort Collins faced a situation similar to that of most other newly established western communities: it lacked the necessary transportation and institutional infrastructure necessary to support large-scale agriculture. Without capital investments and access to a railroad, Fort Collins would wither. Harris Stratton, who came to Fort Collins in 1865, sought to address this problem. Stratton served in the territorial legislature during 1868–69, and he was intrigued by the prospects of the 1862 <strong>Morrill Act</strong>, which provided land for the establishment of agricultural and mechanical colleges. Recognizing that a land-grant college would benefit Fort Collins, Stratton and fellow Fort Collins legislator Mathew S. Taylor, introduced the bill in 1870 that established the <strong>Agricultural College of Colorado</strong>.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 1874 the Larimer County Land Improvement Company built an agricultural colony near LaPorte to complement the founding of Colorado Agricultural College. The colony provided 3,000 acres of land for farm plots to encourage experimental high-desert farming. It was not long before Fort Collins earned a reputation as the agricultural hub of northern Colorado. The position of the city as the preeminent agricultural community in northern Colorado was only elevated after its integration into the growing network of western railroads.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Railroads and Sugar Beets</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>The first railroad to reach Fort Collins was <a href="/article/william-ah-loveland"><strong>William A.H. Loveland</strong></a>’s <strong>Colorado Central</strong> <strong>Railroad</strong> in 1877, followed by the Greeley, Salt Lake &amp; Pacific (GSL&amp;P) in 1882. The arrival of railroads allowed farmers in the Cache la Poudre valley to ship their produce to regional and national markets, connected Fort Collins to larger economic centers such as <a href="/article/denver"><strong>Denver</strong></a>, and allowed the importation of building materials from the East.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The declining economy of the United States during the 1890s—highlighted by the <a href="/article/panic-1893"><strong>Panic of 1893</strong></a>—resulted in part from the decline in the western mining industry and unexpected agricultural setbacks. One enterprise, however, held promise for the Fort Collins agricultural community—the <a href="/article/sugar-beet-industry"><strong>sugar industry</strong></a>. The environmental conditions of the Front Range were suitable for the widespread cultivation of sugar beets, and the plant itself was ideally suited for the region’s unpredictable <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/colorado-climate"><strong>climate</strong></a>.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Agricultural reformers enticed northern Colorado farmers to plant sugar beets and declared that the practice would not only provide income for farmers but would also create jobs for laborers and industrial workers, as well as provide an avenue for capitalist investment and city growth. In 1901 the Denver magnates<strong> <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/charles-boettcher">Charles Boettcher</a></strong>, <strong>J. J. Brown</strong>, and <strong>John F. Campion</strong> founded the Great Western Sugar Company, and in 1903 the company built a beet processing factory in Fort Collins.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The <a href="/article/sugar-beet-industry"><strong>sugar beet industry</strong></a> flooded Fort Collins with wealth, and the city attracted a diverse population of agriculturalists, laborers, and capitalists. Many new residences and businesses were established during the prosperous first decade of the twentieth century, including a library, theaters, schools, recreational facilities, parks, and churches.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Twentieth Century</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>By 1920 Fort Collins had become a popular destination for Hollywood actors such as John Wayne, Olivia DeHavilland, and Vincent Price, who were drawn by the fine amenities of the iconic <strong>Northern Hotel</strong> and the rugged backdrop of the Front Range. Then Vice-Presidential candidate Franklin D. Roosevelt, who romanticized Fort Collins as an emblematic western city, even campaigned from the steps of the Fort Collins courthouse during his 1920 bid for the White House. Three years later, students at Colorado Agricultural College climbed a hogback overlooking the western edge of town and painted a white letter “A” for “Aggies,” the school’s mascot. The white “A” has been a signature landmark in Fort Collins ever since, maintained by successive generations of students.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Just west of that hogback in 1949, the federal <a href="/article/bureau-reclamation-colorado"><strong>Bureau of Reclamation</strong></a> built Horsetooth Reservoir as part of the massive <a href="/article/colorado%E2%80%93big-thompson-project"><strong>Colorado–Big Thompson Project</strong></a>. The reservoir continues to serve as both the city’s <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/water-colorado"><strong>water</strong></a> source and a hub for outdoor recreation, while the surrounding hills are popular grounds for hiking, camping, and cycling.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 1935 Colorado Agricultural College was renamed Colorado State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts (Colorado A&amp;M). During <strong>World War II,</strong> American soldiers were sent to Colorado A&amp;M to undergo officer training before being sent overseas. In 1957 Colorado A&amp;M was renamed Colorado State University (CSU), and its mascot changed from “Aggies” to “<a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/bighorn-sheep"><strong>Rams</strong></a>.” CSU remains one of the cornerstones of the city’s economy and culture. Craft beer is another, in part because of the high quality and availability of local water.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>A dry city until 1969, Fort Collins is today nationally known for its breweries. Anheuser-Busch was the first beer company to set up shop in Fort Collins, opening a brewery in 1988. But Fort Collins’s now-legendary craft beer industry began in 1989, when Scott Smith founded <strong>CooperSmith’s</strong> brewpub in the city’s Old Town district. That same year, West Coast brewers Doug and Wynne O’Dell set up <strong>O’Dell</strong> brewery in an old grain elevator on the outskirts of town. Then, inspired by the quality of small-scale beer brewers as he bicycled through Belgian towns, Fort Collins resident Jeff Lebesch founded <strong>New Belgium Brewing</strong> in 1991. The company quickly moved out of Lebesch’s basement and into its own brewery at 500 Linden Street. Today, New Belgium ships beer all across the country, while O’Dell retains a smaller-scale distribution network. CooperSmith’s is one of the nation’s most successful brewpubs, selling more than 2,000 barrels of beer each year. Committed to its founder’s love for cycling, New Belgium promotes both its beer and cycling through the annual <strong>Tour de Fat</strong>, a festival that combines beer, costumes, and bicycles.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Craft brewing has since been a mainstay of the local culture and economy in Fort Collins. The Fort Collins Brewery opened in 2003, followed by Funkwerks in 2007, and the city has since added a number of smaller breweries and brewpubs, including Pateros Creek (2008), Equinox (2010), Black Bottle (2012), and several others.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Even though the present site of the city was considered safer than the original Camp Collins, Fort Collins has remained vulnerable to flooding. The city has endured eleven flood events since 1864, with the worst being the <a href="/article/spring-creek-flood-1997"><strong>Spring Creek Flood</strong></a> of 1997. The flood inundated much of western Fort Collins, including the CSU campus, killing five people and causing about $200 million in damage. Afterward, the city spent $5 million on recovery and an advanced flood warning system. Regional <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/september-2013-floods"><strong>flooding in September 2013</strong></a> narrowly missed the main part of the city, serving as another reminder to residents that living in such a scenic place does not come without risks.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Today</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Today, Fort Collins remains one of the fastest-growing and most popular cities in Colorado. The well-preserved <strong>Old Town Historic District</strong> serves as a hub for shopping, restaurants, and nightlife, as well as a reminder of the city’s agricultural and frontier history. The city continues to attract a multitude of tourists annually, and Colorado State University is recognized as one of the nation’s preeminent research institutions. Several technology companies, including Hewlett Packard, Intel, and AMD, maintain large facilities in Fort Collins.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>To help improve transportation between the expanding residential developments south of downtown and the old heart of the city, Fort Collins established the MAX Bus system in 2014. As it grows, Fort Collins will continue to face challenges related to water availability, flood control, and transportation, but its status as one of the premier cities along Colorado’s Front Range is unlikely to change anytime soon.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/fort-collins" hreflang="en">fort collins</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/colorado-state-university" hreflang="en">Colorado State University</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/history-fort-collins" hreflang="en">history of fort collins</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/larimer-county" hreflang="en">larimer county</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/larimer-county-history" hreflang="en">larimer county history</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/fort-collins-history" hreflang="en">fort collins history</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/new-belgium-brewing" hreflang="en">new belgium brewing</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/odell-brewing" hreflang="en">o&#039;dell brewing</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/craft-beer" hreflang="en">craft beer</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/anheuser-busch" hreflang="en">anheuser-busch</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/horsetooth" hreflang="en">horsetooth</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/old-town-fort-collins" hreflang="en">old town fort collins</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>Kevin Duggan, “<a href="https://www.coloradoan.com/story/news/2016/05/17/fort-collins-celebrate-max-anniversary/84507750/">Fort Collins to celebrate MAX anniversary</a>,” <em>The Coloradoan </em>(Fort Collins), May 18, 2016.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Barbara Fleming, “A Walk Through History: Council tree, Strauss cabin long gone,” <em>The Coloradoan </em>(Fort Collins)<em>, </em>March 2, 2014.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Fort Collins Community Service Collaborative, “The Railroad Era, Colorado Agricultural College, and the Growth of the City, 1877–1900,” <em>Fort Collins History Connection: An Online Collaboration of the Fort Collins Museum and the Poudre River Public Library District</em>, 2009.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“Fort Collins - A Growing Town in a Growing Country” <em>Fort Collins Courier</em>, November 16, 1878.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“Fort Collins Agricultural Colony of Colorado” <em>Fort Collins Standard</em>, March 25, 1874.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Teresa Funke, “Elizabeth Stone: Chronology of the ‘Founding Mother of Fort Collins,” brochure, Fort Collins Museum, n.d.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Adrian D. Garcia and Pat Ferrier, “<a href="https://www.coloradoan.com/story/money/2015/12/18/fort-collins-largest-primary-employers/77496904/">9K work at Fort Collins’ 25 largest companies</a>,” <em>Fort Collins Coloradoan</em>, December 18, 2015.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Kenneth Jessen, “<a href="https://www.reporterherald.com/2016/04/14/historic-strauss-cabin-destroyed-by-arsonists/">Historic Strauss cabin destroyed by arsonists</a>,” <em>Reporter-Herald </em>(Loveland), April 16, 2016.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Kristin Mastre, “<a href="https://www.julieknows.com/1345/equinox-brewing">Equinox Brewing</a>,” Feasting Fort Collins (blog), May 10, 2011.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>New Belgium Brewing, “<a href="https://www.newbelgium.com/Brewery/company/history">History</a>,” n.d.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>O’Dell Brewing, “<a href="https://www.odellbrewing.com/our-story/">Our Story</a>,” n.d.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Dean Shamblen, “<a href="http://www.arapaholegends.com/friday-the-arapaho-interpreter/">Friday, the Arapaho Interpreter</a>,” Arapaho Legends (blog), March 3, 2016.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Wayne C. Sundberg, “City Celebrates Rich Heritage,” <em>The Coloradoan</em> (Fort Collins), August 19, 2014.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Wayne C. Sundberg, <em>Fort Collins at 150: A Sesquicentennial History, </em>(San Antonio, TX: HPN Books, 2014).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Kevin Torres, “<a href="https://kdvr.com/news/unique-2-colorado/budweisers-big-claim-to-small-colorado-town/">Budweiser’s big claim to Fort Collins</a>,” <em>Fox 31 Denver</em>, October 31, 2016.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Eric Twitty, <em>Silver Wedge: The Sugar Beet Industry in Fort Collins</em> (Fort Collins, CO: SWCA Environmental Consultants, 2003).</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p>Kevin Duggan, “<a href="https://www.coloradoan.com/story/news/2016/08/29/arapaho-tribal-history-honored-fort-collins-site/89550934/">Arapaho tribal history honored at Fort Collins site</a>,” <em>The Coloradoan </em>(Fort Collins), August 29, 2016.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Evadene Burris Swanson, <em>Fort Collins Yesterdays </em>(Fort Collins, CO: George and Hildegarde Morgan, 1976, 1993).</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Wed, 13 Sep 2017 20:46:43 +0000 yongli 2739 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org Larimer County http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/larimer-county <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Larimer County</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-article-image.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-article-image.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div id="carouselEncyclopediaArticle" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="true"> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--1184--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--1184.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/beaver-meadows-rocky-mountain-national-park"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/BeaverMeadows_0.jpg?itok=yqRIs9XN" width="1090" height="818" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/beaver-meadows-rocky-mountain-national-park" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Beaver Meadows, Rocky Mountain National Park</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Visitors enter <a href="/article/rocky-mountain-national-park"><strong>Rocky Mountain National Park</strong></a> via US Route 34 in Beaver Meadows, in southwestern Larimer County.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="carousel-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--1143--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--1143.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/larimer-county"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/Larimer%20County_0_0.png?itok=j5N51Yde" width="1090" height="789" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/larimer-county" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Larimer County</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Larimer County straddles the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains in north central Colorado.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="carousel-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--117--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--117.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/larimer-county-detail-map"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/MapLarimerCounty_0.jpg?itok=X8NXG4Mj" width="760" height="598" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/larimer-county-detail-map" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Larimer County, Detail Map</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="carousel-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--1183--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--1183.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/aerial-view-fort-collins-nineteenth-century"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/Fort_Collins19th_Century_0.jpg?itok=BrkcHZuF" width="442" height="254" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/aerial-view-fort-collins-nineteenth-century" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Aerial View of Fort Collins, Nineteenth Century</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The city of Fort Collins began as an army camp in 1862-64. This nineteenth-century sketch of the city looks southwest, with the Cache la Poudre River in the foreground and Longs Peak in the background.<br /> &nbsp;</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="carousel-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--1186--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--1186.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/estes-park"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/Estes_Park_0.jpg?itok=PqEzYMoN" width="1090" height="727" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/estes-park" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Estes Park</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Ute and Arapaho Native Americans hunted in the area of present-day Estes Park before the town was established by Enos Mills in 1860.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <button 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'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2016-03-01T09:30:17-07:00" title="Tuesday, March 1, 2016 - 09:30" class="datetime">Tue, 03/01/2016 - 09:30</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/larimer-county" data-a2a-title="Larimer County"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Flarimer-county&amp;title=Larimer%20County"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Located in north central Colorado, Larimer County encompasses more than 2,600 square miles of <a href="/article/colorado%E2%80%99s-great-plains"><strong>plains</strong></a>, foothills, and high mountains in the northern <a href="/article/front-range"><strong>Front Range</strong></a>. The county shares its northern border with Wyoming and borders <a href="/article/weld-county"><strong>Weld County</strong></a> to the east, <a href="/article/jackson-county"><strong>Jackson</strong></a> and <a href="/article/grand-county"><strong>Grand</strong></a> Counties to the west, and <a href="/article/boulder-county"><strong>Boulder County</strong></a> to the south.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Founded in 1861 and named after Denver founder <a href="/article/william-larimer-jr"><strong>William Larimer, Jr.</strong></a>, Larimer County contains the entire Roosevelt National Forest and the northeastern portion of <a href="/article/rocky-mountain-national-park"><strong>Rocky Mountain National Park</strong></a>, as well as the scenic mountain town of <strong>Estes Park</strong>. <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/fort-collins"><strong>Fort Collins</strong></a>, the largest city and county seat, is nestled against the foothills of the Rocky Mountains about fifty miles south of Cheyenne, Wyoming. The city is home to <strong>Colorado State University</strong>, a land-grant university founded in 1870 with funds from the federal Morrill Act of 1862. Today Larimer County supports a population of 300,000.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Native Americans</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>The United States acquired Larimer County’s current area in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase. At that time the dominant Native American groups were the <a href="/article/northern-ute-people-uintah-and-ouray-reservation"><strong>Ute</strong></a>, <strong>Cheyenne</strong>, and <strong>Arapaho</strong>. The Utes were mountain hunters who inhabited the area’s higher elevations, while the Cheyenne and Arapaho were nomadic equestrian hunters who lived on the plains for most of the year. On the plains, <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/cottonwood-trees"><strong>cottonwood</strong></a> stands along the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/cache-la-poudre-river"><strong>Cache la Poudre</strong></a> and other rivers provided food and shelter during the scorching summers and frigid winters. The Arapaho also frequently camped in higher mountain valleys during the summer, taking advantage of abundant game such as <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/rocky-mountain-elk"><strong>elk</strong></a>, buffalo, and <strong><a href="/article/bighorn-sheep">bighorn sheep</a></strong>. This often brought them into conflict with other native groups, such as the Utes, who sought the same animal resources.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Early American Era</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>En route to Wyoming during the mid-1820s, members of the William H. Ashley party were the first whites to explore the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/cache-la-poudre-river"><strong>Cache la Poudre River</strong></a> valley, giving rise to one of many stories about the river's name. As this story goes, the party was halted by a snowstorm near present-day <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/greeley"><strong>Greeley</strong></a>, and some members stashed gunpowder and supplies along the river. They named it “Cache la Poudre,” French for “powder cache.” However, there are multiple accounts of how the river was named, none of which have been confirmed by historical evidence.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>After the Cheyenne and Arapaho agreed in the treaties of Fort Laramie (1851) and Fort Atkinson (1853) to stop raiding wagon trains, the Larimer County area was opened to white settlement. In 1859, <strong>Horace Greeley</strong>, a newspaperman and famed promoter of western settlement, visited the area and was convinced it could be irrigated to support farming. By the early 1860s, the first white farmers were already digging ditches to divert <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/water-colorado"><strong>water</strong></a> from the Cache la Poudre, and soon afterward the first beet crops were planted. In the spring of 1870, <strong>Union Colony</strong>, an agricultural venture led by <a href="/article/nathaniel-meeker"><strong>Nathan C. Meeker</strong></a> and financially backed by Greeley, bought and settled 9,000 acres of land near present-day<strong> <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/greeley">Greeley</a></strong>. Members of Union Colony constructed the first major <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/irrigation-colorado"><strong>irrigation</strong></a> canal along the Cache la Poudre, and by the early 1880s there were some fifty-three canals and ditches diverting water from the river.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 1860 Missourian <strong>Joel Estes</strong> founded the mountain settlement of Estes Park along the Big Thompson River; the town became one of the busiest tourist destinations in the state after Rocky Mountain National Park was established in 1915. In 1861, the town of Laporte, northwest of Fort Collins near the foothills, was named Larimer County’s first seat. The following year, the US Army established Camp Collins near Laporte to protect settlers on the <a href="/article/overland-trail"><strong>Overland Trail</strong></a> from Native American raids. A flood in 1864 destroyed the camp, and the army was forced to move it to a site further downstream, where the present city of Fort Collins was plotted. Fort Collins successfully petitioned to become the county seat in 1868, and the city was incorporated in 1873. In 1877 the Colorado Central Railroad built the first rail line through the county, and the city of <strong>Loveland</strong>, named after the railroad’s <a href="/article/william-ah-loveland"><strong>president</strong></a>, was established along the company’s tracks some fifteen miles south of Fort Collins.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Agriculture</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>The Agricultural College, which later became Colorado State University, was established in Fort Collins in 1870, its research augmenting the county’s main economic driver. The sprawling, sophisticated network of irrigation ditches in operation since the 1860s allowed extensive production of wheat, corn, and—arguably the most important crop in Colorado at the turn of the century—the <a href="/article/sugar-beet-industry"><strong>sugar beet</strong></a>. Between 1899 and 1907, sixteen sugar beet factories were built in in the state. The most prominent were those of the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/great-western-sugar-company"><strong>Great Western Sugar Company</strong></a> in the towns of Eaton, Fort Collins, Greeley, and Windsor.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>From the late nineteenth century onward, most Larimer County inhabitants, including beet laborers, were whites of European origin. Japanese laborers also worked Colorado beet farms. At the turn of the century, political upheaval in Mexico and demand for agricultural labor in the sugar beet and other farm industries brought hundreds of Mexican and Mexican American families to the fields outside Fort Collins, Loveland, and other areas of the county. Families migrating to beet fields in Colorado often signed labor contracts, some brokered by American labor agencies before the family had even left Mexico. These contracts specified not only where the families would work, but also where they would live and whether they could tend their own gardens and livestock. To help recruit field hands, beet companies offered transportation to and from the fields.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>By the 1930s, farmers in Larimer and other agricultural counties in northern Colorado were running short of water, and lobbied the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/bureau-reclamation-colorado"><strong>Bureau of Reclamation</strong></a> for a solution. The result was the <strong><a href="/article/colorado%E2%80%93big-thompson-project">Colorado–Big Thompson Project</a></strong>, a massive feat of engineering that took water from the headwaters of the Colorado River on the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/western-slope"><strong>Western Slope</strong></a> of the Rockies and diverted it across the <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/great-divide"><strong>Continental Divide </strong></a>to farmers on the Eastern Slope. The project began in 1937 and took more than twenty years to complete; it included the construction of ten reservoirs, eighteen dams, six power plants, and the <a href="/article/alva-b-adams-tunnel"><strong>Alva B. Adams tunnel</strong></a>, which transports water across the Continental Divide. Horsetooth Reservoir, a popular recreational destination in the foothills west of Fort Collins, was created as part of the project, as was Lake Estes in Estes Park.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>While agriculture remained the chief driver of Larimer County’s and Colorado’s economy after World War II, few new irrigation canals were built, and all beet-processing factories were closed by the late twentieth century after a period of agricultural decline in the 1970s and 1980s.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The C-BT successfully redirected and organized water from three great Colorado rivers—the Colorado, Cache la Poudre, and Big Thompson—but any illusion of human control over the rivers was washed away in the summer of 1976. On July 31, an unusual weather event dropped nearly fourteen inches of rain on Estes Park in just four hours. The water quickly coursed into Big Thompson Canyon, and by 9 p.m. the river had swollen from a depth of eighteen inches to a raging torrent twenty feet deep. Bridges, houses, trailers, telephone lines, and roads were swept away in the deluge. Many of the 4,000 people in the canyon that day had little warning; most barely escaped in time, aided by efforts from police officers and firemen. In the end the flash flood was the most devastating in Colorado history, taking 143 lives and causing $35 million in damage.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Today</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Today, Larimer County is far more urban than it was during the twentieth century, with 161,000 residents living in the burgeoning city of Fort Collins and another 71,000 living in Loveland. In addition to education, healthcare, and agriculture, tourism is a vital part of the county economy. In 2012 an estimated 3.2 million people visited Rocky Mountain National Park, supporting retail, service, and accommodation businesses in Estes Park, Big Thompson Canyon, Loveland and elsewhere in the county.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Because of its proximity to the mountains, its favorable weather, and its ability to maintain a small-town atmosphere in spite of rampant growth, Fort Collins has consistently been ranked high in reviews by national media outlets. Livability.com ranked Fort Collins at number nine in its “Top 10 Healthiest Cities” of 2015; in 2014 <em>Time</em> named it “America’s Most Satisfied City,” and in 2010 <em>Money </em>magazine named it the sixth-best place to live in the nation.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The <a href="https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/flooding-colorado"><strong>floods</strong></a> of September 2013, however, demonstrated that Larimer County is no utopia. Devastating and record-breaking floods inundated Estes Park and Loveland along the Big Thompson River. On the Cache la Poudre River, Fort Collins was left mostly untouched, but communities near the mouth of Poudre Canyon as well as those farther downstream in Weld County experienced heavy flooding.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/larimer-county-colorado" hreflang="en">larimer county colorado</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/larimer-county-history" hreflang="en">larimer county history</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/fort-collins-history" hreflang="en">fort collins history</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/estes-park-history" hreflang="en">estes park history</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/william-larimer-jr" hreflang="en">william larimer jr.</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>C. W. Buchholtz, <em>Rocky Mountain National Park: A History</em> (Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 1983).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“<a href="http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Project.jsp?proj_Name=Colorado-Big+Thompson+Project">Colorado-Big Thompson Project</a>,” United States Department of the Interior: “Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for the Year Ended December 31, 2012,” City of Greeley, Colorado, 2012.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Data USA, "<a href="https://datausa.io/profile/geo/larimer-county-co/">Larimer County, Colorado</a>," updated 2016.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“<a href="https://www.fcgov.com/visitor/fcfacts.php?ID=6">Honors and Awards</a>,” City of Fort Collins, 2015.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Rose Laflin, “Irrigation, Settlement, and Change on the Cache La Poudre River,” Special Report no. 15, Colorado Water Resources Research Institute (Fort Collins: Colorado State University, 2005).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Rheba Massey, "<a href="https://history.poudrelibraries.org/archive/poudreriver.php">Was 'Cache La Poudre' the original name of the river that flows through Fort Collins?</a>" Fort Collins History Connection, n.d.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>National Park Service, "<a href="https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/news/pr_2012_visitation_stats.htm">2012 Visitation Stats Released For Rocky Mountain National Park</a>," February 12, 2013.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Sierra Standish, <em>Beet Borderland</em> (Master's thesis, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 2002).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>“<a href="https://blogs.denverpost.com/library/2012/07/31/big-thompson-flood-disaster-colorado-1976/2795/">The Big Thompson Flood of 1976</a>,” <em>Denver Post</em>, July 31, 2012.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Elliot West, <em>Contested Plains: Indians, Goldseekers, and the Rush to Colorado </em>(Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1998).</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p>Eugene D. Berwanger, <em>The Rise of the Centennial State: Colorado Territory, 1861–76 </em>(Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 2007).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Thomas Noel and John Fielder, <em>Colorado, 1870–2000 Revisited: The History behind the Images </em>(Englewood, CO: Westcliffe Publishers, 2001).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Larimer County, Colorado, "<a href="https://www.larimer.gov/about-larimer-county">About Larimer County</a>."</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Kay Rios, ed., "<a href="https://www.larimer.gov/about/larimer150.pdf">150th Anniversary, Larimer County</a>" (Fort Collins, CO: Larimer County and BizWest Media, 2011).</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Tue, 01 Mar 2016 16:30:17 +0000 yongli 1141 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org