%1 http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/ en Fairplay Hotel http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/fairplay-hotel <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Fairplay Hotel</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2017-08-25T12:54:43-06:00" title="Friday, August 25, 2017 - 12:54" class="datetime">Fri, 08/25/2017 - 12:54</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/fairplay-hotel" data-a2a-title="Fairplay Hotel"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Ffairplay-hotel&amp;title=Fairplay%20Hotel"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>The Fairplay Hotel was designed in the Rustic style by architect <strong>William Bowman</strong> and completed in 1922. Located on the site of an earlier hotel at the prominent corner of Fifth and Main Streets, the Fairplay became the largest and oldest hotel in town, hosting club meetings and dinner dances as well as tourists and visitors to the nearby <a href="/article/park-county"><strong>Park County</strong></a> Courthouse. Since the early 1970s, the hotel has passed through many owners and sometimes struggled to stay open, but so far, a combination of history, Rustic charm, and community support have helped it survive.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>The Original Valiton Hotel</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Today’s Fairplay Hotel stands on the site of an earlier hotel, the Valiton, which was built in the Park County mining town in 1873. Over its first few years, the hotel went by a wide variety of names: McLain Hotel, Vestal House, Radford House, and Bergh House. The last of those was for longtime owner Abraham Bergh, who acquired the hotel in 1877. In 1897 Bergh sold the hotel to Susannah Harris Young, who renamed it the Hotel Windsor and remodeled the interior. Under the ownership of Young and then William Hunter of <strong>Alma</strong>, who bought it in 1911, the Hotel Windsor gained a reputation as the finest hotel in <a href="/article/fairplay"><strong>Fairplay</strong></a>. That came to a sudden end in 1921, when the hotel suffered a fire and was forced to close.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>A Rustic Rebirth</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Fairplay residents quickly rallied to resurrect the hotel, which was a treasured local institution. In June 1921, Agnes Slater bought the former hotel’s land from William Hunter for $5,500. Wife of sheep tycoon George Slater and daughter-in-law of Denver real estate investor Seth Slater, Agnes Slater had the resources and acumen to lead the rebuilding effort. In August she organized the Fairplay Hotel Company, which quickly acquired the lot from her and started construction on a new building in September.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>To design the hotel, the Fairplay Hotel Company enlisted <a href="/article/denver">Denver</a> architect William N. Bowman, who was known for school buildings and county courthouses across the state. During his career, Bowman worked in a variety of styles, including the Classical, Colonial, and Gothic Revivals, but for the Fairplay Hotel he chose the Rustic style, which was popular in mountain towns and national parks at the time. A response to industrialization and urbanization, the Rustic style employed native materials such as coarse stone and wood to make buildings that seemed to grow out of their natural environment.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Bowman’s two-story Fairplay Hotel was laid out in an L shape fronting Main and Fifth Streets. A river rock foundation supported wood-shingle exterior walls that were topped by a clipped gable roof featuring shingles designed to resemble thatch. A river rock porch framed the main entrance, which faced west onto Main Street. Inside, the lobby featured maple floors, a large stone fireplace, and lots of dark wood trim. Stairs in the southeast corner of the lobby led to the accommodations on the second floor, while double doors in the east wall led to the dining room, which repeated the lobby’s maple floors, stone fireplace, and dark wood trim. From the dining room, two sets of French doors opened north to a sunroom.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The hotel held its grand opening in June 1922, when the local Chamber of Commerce held a banquet and dance there. Operations started smoothly under the management of Agnes Slater. A dentist leased space in the building, and its proximity to the Park County Courthouse ensured that it received plenty of business from jurors, witnesses, and others engaged in court proceedings.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Within a year, however, the hotel’s fortunes turned rocky. It closed for the winter of 1922–23. In June 1923 a Mrs. Biezer of Denver took over management of the property, but it soon became clear that the hotel was not taking in enough money to pay its outstanding construction bills. To recover their money, Bowman and the contractors who had built the hotel sued it for almost $27,000. In July 1923, the Park County sheriff auctioned the building at a foreclosure sale.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The plaintiffs in the suit—including Bowman—formed Fairplay Hotel Inc. and took over the hotel later that year. Under the management of J. L. Reever, the hotel achieved stability and even prosperity over the next few years. As one of the largest and finest hotels in the area, it was a popular spot for a variety of meetings and celebrations, including gatherings of the Park County Sheep Growers Association, and it benefited from being a stop on the Denver-<a href="/article/leadville"><strong>Leadville</strong></a><a href="/article/leadville"> </a>bus line. Guests paid $4 per night for a room with a private bath, or $2 for a room with a shared bath, and enjoyed amenities such as custom laundry and a hair stylist in the building.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>A Fairplay Institution</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Around 1927, Norman J. Hand started leasing the Fairplay Hotel. The Hand family—Norman, his wife, and his parents—were major players in the Fairplay hospitality industry, and they remained involved with the Fairplay Hotel as managers and then owners for the next two decades.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>During the 1930s, the <strong>Great Depression</strong> put a damper on business, causing the Hands to cut prices to only $1.50 per night in 1938. At the same time, other changes helped the hotel survive. After Prohibition ended in 1933, for example, the Hands opened a lounge in the hotel’s sunroom, installing a Brunswick bar from a former Alma saloon. Meanwhile, by the end of the decade, US 285 had been improved between Kenosha Pass and <strong>Buena Vista</strong>, making it easier for travelers to reach Fairplay by car.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>After managing the Fairplay Hotel for more than a dozen years, the Hand family bought it in 1940. Unfortunately, in 1942 they had to close the hotel because gas rationing during <strong>World War II</strong> curtailed travel and kept them from getting enough visitors to make ends meet. They survived by continuing to operate the smaller Hand Hotel, built in 1931. The Hands reopened the Fairplay Hotel after the war ended in 1945 and experienced a boom as tourism spiked with postwar prosperity. The most famous guest during these years was probably comedian Bob Hope, who was spotted at the hotel a couple of times in the late 1940s and early 1950s.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 1951 the Hands sold the hotel to Charles and Frank Burgess, and in 1954 Frank took over as sole owner for the next twenty years. During Burgess’s ownership, more visitors came to Fairplay for outdoor recreation, and the hotel advertised itself as a base for activities such as fishing, hiking, and jeeping. In the 1960s, the hotel’s location on Highway 9 made it a popular stopping place for skiers headed to the new resort just over <strong>Hoosier Pass</strong> in <a href="/article/breckenridge-historic-district"><strong>Breckenridge</strong></a>. In addition, the hotel often hosted workers on nearby road and dam projects, and it was a popular venue for local club meetings and wedding receptions.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Toward the end of Burgess’s ownership, he leased the Fairplay Hotel to the Nicholson family, who tried to update the aging building and implement new attractions. The Nicholsons offered to arrange guides for guests interested in fishing and jeeping, and because Jack Nicholson was a former television director and drama professor, they also put on a summer dinner theater from 1971 to 1973. Trying to ride the rising tide of Colorado mountain tourism, the Nicholsons developed a plan to expand the hotel by constructing a dedicated venue for dinner theater along with a thirty-three-unit condominium complex. Their plan was approved by the local planning commission, but it was never built, and owner Frank Burgess sold the hotel in 1974.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Recent Challenges</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Since Burgess sold the Fairplay Hotel, the building has passed from owner to owner, with no one keeping it for very long. Like many former mining towns in Colorado that did not become ski resorts, Fairplay struggled to attract visitors in the late twentieth century. Nevertheless, new owners continued to invest in the Fairplay Hotel in attempts to make it into a tourist draw. Most notably, Henriksen Data Systems, which owned the hotel for three years in the mid-1990s, significantly updated the building’s heating and plumbing, remodeled the kitchen, and removed seventy years of accumulated interior changes to reveal the original maple floors.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 2004 David W. Meredith acquired the hotel with the goal of reviving it as a hub for the Fairplay community, and in 2008 he got the building listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Despite Meredith’s good intentions, the hotel closed in September 2008—a casualty of the <strong>Great Recession</strong>—and was in danger of being demolished before it was bought by Constance Tiel Schoppe in early 2010.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In a nod to the original hotel on the site, Schoppe renamed the hotel the Fairplay-Valiton and reopened it in the summer of 2010. Over the next three years, she cleaned and redecorated the hotel and revived its bar and restaurant. In August 2013 Schoppe arranged to sell the hotel to brothers Brad, Mark, and Ryan Poage after a ninety-day transition period, but management problems and unpaid wages under the Poages forced her to reclaim management in October and cancel the sale.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In 2014 Schoppe listed the Fairplay-Valiton again and sold it that August to Denver accountant Lorna Arnold. Arnold owned the hotel for less than a year and a half before unpaid mortgage and utility bills forced her to file a deed in lieu of foreclosure and return the building to Schoppe, who had financed the purchase. Schoppe reclaimed ownership in early 2016 and reopened the hotel and restaurant later that year, but as of 2017 she had once again listed the property for sale.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/fairplay" hreflang="en">fairplay</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/fairplay-hotel" hreflang="en">Fairplay Hotel</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/historic-hotels" hreflang="en">historic hotels</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/william-bowman" hreflang="en">William Bowman</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>Tom Locke, <a href="https://www.theflume.com/news/article_d070999b-e53f-55b5-8114-3213e6901366.html">“Fairplay Hotel Purchased for $400,000,”</a> <em>Park County Republican &amp; Fairplay Flume</em>, March 6, 2010.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Katie O’Brien, <a href="https://www.theflume.com/free_content/article_9e2df132-c6c1-11e5-9e21-3f65e5f66961.html">“Fairplay Hotel Returned to Former Owner,”</a> <em>Park County Republican &amp; Fairplay Flume</em>, January 29, 2016.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>R. Laurie Simmons and Thomas H. Simmons, “Fairplay Hotel,” National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (August 31, 2007).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Laura Van Dusen, <a href="https://www.theflume.com/news/article_2d651a62-383d-11e3-9e32-001a4bcf6878.html">“Constance Schoppe Takes Back Fairplay-Valiton,”</a> <em>Park County Republican and Fairplay Flume</em>, October 18, 2013.</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p><a href="https://www.valitonhotel.com/">The Fairplay-Valiton Hotel</a></p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Fri, 25 Aug 2017 18:54:43 +0000 yongli 2726 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org Telephone Building http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/telephone-building <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Telephone Building</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-article-image.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-article-image.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div id="carouselEncyclopediaArticle" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="true"> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--1244--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--1244.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/mural-mountain-telephone-construction"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/Telephone-Media-3_0.jpg?itok=sUTlTg4A" width="1000" height="724" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/mural-mountain-telephone-construction" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Mural: &quot;Mountain Telephone Construction&quot;</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Colorado artist Allen True painted thirteen murals for the Telephone Building's entrances and lobbies. The murals depicted events from the history of communications, such as this one showing the construction of telephone lines through the mountains.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="carousel-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--1268--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--1268.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/telephone-building-today"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/Telephone-Building-Media-4_0.jpg?itok=OlfniHmL" width="1000" height="1525" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/telephone-building-today" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Telephone Building Today</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Mountain States moved its headquarters to 1801 California Street in 1984. Now part of CenturyLink, the Telephone Building still serves as the main central office in Denver.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselEncyclopediaArticle" data-bs-slide="prev"> <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span> </button> <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselEncyclopediaArticle" data-bs-slide="next"> <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span> </button> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2016-03-16T15:47:38-06:00" title="Wednesday, March 16, 2016 - 15:47" class="datetime">Wed, 03/16/2016 - 15:47</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/telephone-building" data-a2a-title="Telephone Building"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Ftelephone-building&amp;title=Telephone%20Building"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Completed in 1929, the Telephone Building at 931 14th Street in <a href="/article/denver"><strong>Denver</strong></a> served for fifty-five years as the headquarters of <strong>Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph</strong>. Designed by architect <strong>William N. Bowman</strong> in a combination of Art Deco and Gothic Revival styles, the building helped bring modern architecture to Denver. Since 1984 the building has been home to various Mountain States successors, such as U S West, Qwest, and CenturyLink.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Galvanic Muttering Machines</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>The Denver Telephone Dispatch Company started the city’s first telephone service in 1879, three years after Alexander Graham Bell patented the device. One newspaper headline declared, “The New System of Galvanic Muttering Machines in Operation.” The service, which was the first commercial exchange between the Mississippi River Valley and the West Coast, started with 162 customers.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Soon new exchanges and small telephone companies sprouted up throughout the Rocky Mountains. In 1911 Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph was created as a result of a reorganization within American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&amp;T) and mergers between companies covering the Rocky Mountain region from Idaho and Montana to Arizona and New Mexico. At the time, the company served more than 160,000 phones, and it completed the first long-distance line between New York and Denver. The next year another long-distance line stretched from Denver to San Francisco.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Phone service in the Mountain States region grew quickly over the next two decades, tripling to nearly 500,000 phones by 1930. By the middle of the 1920s, it was already clear that the company would need more space to house its growing administrative staff. Moreover, the company planned to introduce dial service in Denver to automate local calls without the need for operators. Dial service required switches whose size and weight made them impossible to house in any existing building. To accommodate its staff and switches, Mountain States decided to build a large custom-designed headquarters in Denver.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>New Headquarters</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Design of the new headquarters building, commonly known as the Telephone Building, began in 1926. Local Bell engineers made sure the framework fit the company’s technical requirements, and Denver architect William Bowman devised the building’s exterior. Mountain States chose a location at the corner of 14th and Curtis Streets, not far from its existing headquarters on Champa Street, and construction began in March 1927.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The building was largely a Colorado production. In addition to local architect Bowman, it featured 4,000 tons of steel from Pueblo and Denver, more than 2 million bricks from <a href="/article/golden"><strong>Golden </strong></a>and Denver, travertine from nearby Salida, pink granite from Platte Canyon, and 1,800 tons of terra cotta made in Denver, as well as the handiwork of local craftsmen responsible for lighting fixtures and other design elements. The building itself cost $3 million, plus an additional $2 million for the furnishings and switching equipment, and was completed in 1929, the fiftieth anniversary of the start of telephone service in Denver.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The architectural style Bowman used for the building, which Mountain States called “Modern American Perpendicular Gothic,” was based on Neo-Gothic skyscrapers such as New York’s Woolworth Building (1913) as well as on the New York Telephone Company’s new Art Deco headquarters then under construction, the Barclay-Vesey Building (1927). Rising ten stories and then stepping back twenty feet to a five-story central tower with Gothic turrets, the Telephone Building in Denver was the first to take advantage of a setback provision in the city height ordinance that allowed buildings to rise above twelve stories if their additional height was set back from the street. Topping out at nearly 237 feet, the building was the tallest in Denver (aside from smelter stacks and the <a href="/article/daniels-and-fisher-tower"><strong>Daniels and Fisher Tower</strong></a>) until the 1950s and contained about 5.2 million cubic feet of space.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The Telephone Building’s interior made it one of the most lavish commercial buildings in Denver. The main lobby featured buff-colored travertine walls, marble floors and baseboards, and walnut woodwork. Some of the interior design was influenced by the Colorado artist <strong>Allen True</strong>, who also painted thirteen murals for the building’s entrances and lobbies depicting events and themes from the history of communications (“The Smoke Signal,” “The Pony Express,” “The Switchboard Operator”). The murals are considered some of True’s best work.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Most floors from the second to the fifteenth held offices, with the executives on the fourteenth floor. Long-distance equipment occupied the fourth floor, and long-distance switchboard operators sat one floor above. The second floor was special because it held the new switches that would allow direct local dialing in Denver. Each switch weighed twenty-two pounds, six switches were required to make a single call, and the system was designed to accommodate 40,000 simultaneous calls, meaning the second floor had to hold 240,000 switches weighing more than 2,600 tons. To hold the equipment, it was designed with sixteen-foot ceilings and extra-thick floors made of concrete and steel.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Denver’s local telephone service switched over to the new equipment on May 4, 1929. The building was fully occupied by its 1,510 workers by the end of July, and it officially opened to the public August 6–8 in a grand-opening ceremony that attracted more than 20,000 visitors. After it opened, about 45,000 Denver residents came to the Curtis Street entrance each month to pay their telephone bills, passing True’s “Smoke Signal” and “Pony Express” murals along the way. The building quickly became a landmark in the Denver skyline, especially at night, when its upper stories were illuminated by forty-eight floodlights on the terraces. The floodlights were turned off during World War II.</p>&#13; &#13; <h2>Expansions, Breakups, and Acquisitions</h2>&#13; &#13; <p>Telephone service increased rapidly in the decades after World War II, requiring Mountain States to expand its headquarters. In the late 1940s the company added on to a five-story light well on the south side of the building to house more offices and long-distance switchboards. A two-story addition along Curtis Street followed in 1958–59, using the same materials and design as the original building.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>In the early 1960s Mountain States built a five-story International-style building that was directly east of the Telephone Building and connected to it by internal passageways. Almost as soon as this building was completed, in the mid-1960s, the company added seven more stories to it. Even these rapid additions around the original Telephone Building could not keep pace with the company’s growth. In the 1970s Mountain States began to build new skyscrapers elsewhere in Denver, such as 1005 17th Street, to house some of its operations.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>After fifty-five years in the Telephone Building, Mountain States moved its headquarters to 1801 California Street in 1984, the same year that it was transformed into a new company called U S West as a result of the breakup of AT&amp;T. Since then, the Telephone Building on 14th Street has continued to be owned and used by U S West and its Denver telecommunications successors, Qwest and CenturyLink. The building’s Allen True murals were restored in the 1980s and cleaned again in the 2000s. Renovated in 2009–10 to accommodate more workers, the building continues to serve as the main central office in Denver, provide dial tone and other services for the whole state, and distribute calls to other central offices across the country and the world.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/mountain-states-telephone-and-telegraph" hreflang="en">Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/william-bowman" hreflang="en">William Bowman</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/allen-true" hreflang="en">Allen True</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>“<a href="https://www.telcomhistory.org/vm/exhibits931.shtml">931 14th St.: Historic Building, Virtual Tour</a>,” Telecommunications History Group.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Thomas J. Noel and Barbara S. Norgren, <em>Denver: The City Beautiful and Its Architects, 1893–1941</em> (Denver: Historic Denver, 1987).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>R. Laurie Simmons and Thomas H. Simmons, “Telephone Building,” National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (October 2004).</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p><em>Cavalcade of Communications: A Brief History of Mountain States Telephone</em> (Denver: Mountain States Telephone, 1966).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Herbert J. Hackenburg, Jr., <em>Muttering Machines to Laser Beams: A History of Mountain Bell</em> (Denver: Mountain Bell, 1986).</p>&#13; &#13; <p><em>Monitor</em> 24, no. 3 (September 1929).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Howard T. Vaille, “Early Years of the Telephone in Colorado,” <em>Colorado Magazine</em> 5, no. 4 (1928).</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Wed, 16 Mar 2016 21:47:38 +0000 yongli 1243 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org Jackson County Courthouse http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/jackson-county-courthouse <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Jackson County Courthouse</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-article-image.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-article-image.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div id="carouselEncyclopediaArticle" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="true"> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--862--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--862.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/mosman-store"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/Jackson-County-2-X-13954_0.jpg?itok=OnyUf4is" width="1000" height="759" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/mosman-store" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Mosman Store</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Before the completion of the Jackson County Courthouse in 1913, county records were stored at the C. E. Mosman Store in Walden.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="carousel-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--864--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--864.html.twig x node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig * node--image.html.twig * node--article-detail-image.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image--image.html.twig * field--node--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--field-encyclopedia-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-encyclopedia-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/image/jackson-county-courthouse-today"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/DSCN2559_jacksoncountycourthouse_600%5B1%5D_0.jpg?itok=VxJdbnt0" width="600" height="405" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-wide" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block"> <h5><a href="/image/jackson-county-courthouse-today" rel="bookmark"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--image.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Jackson County Courthouse Today</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> </a></h5> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--image.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--image.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The Jackson County Courthouse is the most important building in the county and still serves most county functions.</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/content/node--image--article-detail-image.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselEncyclopediaArticle" data-bs-slide="prev"> <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span> </button> <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselEncyclopediaArticle" data-bs-slide="next"> <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span> </button> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--field-article-image--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/users/yongli" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">yongli</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--encyclopedia-article.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2015-11-09T15:55:37-07:00" title="Monday, November 9, 2015 - 15:55" class="datetime">Mon, 11/09/2015 - 15:55</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'addtoany_standard' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * addtoany-standard--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * addtoany-standard--node.html.twig x addtoany-standard.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/jackson-county-courthouse" data-a2a-title="Jackson County Courthouse"><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradoencyclopedia.org%2Farticle%2Fjackson-county-courthouse&amp;title=Jackson%20County%20Courthouse"></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/addtoany/templates/addtoany-standard.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-body"><p>Built in 1913, the three-story Jackson County Courthouse in <strong>Walden</strong> is the most important building in the county. Designed by the prominent early twentieth-century Denver architect <strong>William N. Bowman</strong> (1868–1944), the building continues to house most county functions today.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Incorporated in 1890, Walden is the only municipality in sparsely populated <strong>North Park</strong>, a high-elevation basin near the Wyoming border. When Walden was founded, North Park was still part of <a href="/article/larimer-county"><strong>Larimer County</strong></a>. In 1909, however, North Park became its own county, initially known as North Park County but soon renamed <a href="/article/jackson-county"><strong>Jackson County</strong></a> to differentiate it from Park County. Walden became the county seat. The county courthouse was completed four years later, in 1913. In the few years before the courthouse opened, county records were kept at the Mosman Store.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The Classical Revival courthouse was designed by William N. Bowman, who had opened his own practice in Denver in 1910, and it is a good example of his early work in Colorado. It features a facade of large buff-colored sandstone blocks quarried near Mendenhall Creek, about ten miles northeast of town. Four Ionic columns frame the main entrance. The building occupies a parklike setting at the intersection of Fourth and Lafever Streets, on land donated by Walden resident Archie Hunter. The construction cost was $28,000.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Today the courthouse still performs most county functions. The basement serves as the sheriff’s office and county jail, including the original 1913 jail cells. County offices occupy the first floor, and the county court is located on the second and third floors. The building’s exterior remains largely unaltered. Much of the interior is also original, including the wood floors, wainscoting, plaster walls, ceilings, and doors.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-author--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-author.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-author.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-author field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-author"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-author">Author</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-author"><a href="/author/encyclopedia-staff" hreflang="und">Encyclopedia Staff</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-keyword--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-keyword.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-keyword field--type-entity-reference field--label-above" id="id-field-keyword"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-keyword">Keywords</div> <div class='field__items'> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/walden" hreflang="en">Walden</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/jackson-county" hreflang="en">Jackson County</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/north-park" hreflang="en">North Park</a></div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-keyword"><a href="/keyword/william-bowman" hreflang="en">William Bowman</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links--inline.html.twig * links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap_barrio/templates/navigation/links--inline.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-references-html--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-references-html.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-references-html.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-references-html field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-references-html"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-references-html">References</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-references-html"><p>Bruce Wilson, “Jackson County Courthouse,” Colorado State Register of Historic Properties Nomination Form, ed. S. Doggett (March 11, 1997).</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-additional-information-htm--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-additional-information-htm.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-information-htm field--type-text-long field--label-above" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"> <div class="field__label" id="id-field-additional-information-htm">Additional Information</div> <div class="field__item" id="id-field-additional-information-htm"><p>Thomas J. Noel and Barbara S. Norgren, <em>Denver: The City Beautiful and Its Architects, 1893–1941</em> (Denver: Historic Denver, 1987).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Rocky Mountain PBS, <a href="https://video.rmpbs.org/video/2365922974/">"Courthouses,"</a> <em>Colorado Experience</em>, December 29, 2016.</p>&#13; </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-4th-grade--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-4th-grade.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-4th-grade.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-4th-grade field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-field-4th-grade"><p>The Jackson County Courthouse in <strong>Walden </strong>was built in 1913. It is the most important building in the county. It was designed by Denver architect <strong>William N. Bowman</strong> (1868–1944).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Walden was incorporated (organized) as a town in 1890. It was the only town in the lightly populated <strong>North Park</strong> near the Wyoming border. When Walden was founded, North Park was still part of Larimer County. In 1909 North Park became its own county and changed its name to <a href="/article/jackson-county"><strong>Jackson County</strong></a>. Walden became the county seat. The county courthouse was finished in 1913. County records were kept at the Mosman Store before the courthouse opened.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Today the courthouse still does most county business. The basement serves as the sheriff’s office and county jail. It still has the original 1913 jail cells. County offices are on the first floor. The county court is located on the second and third floors. The building’s outside remains unchanged since it opened in 1913. Much of the inside is also original.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-8th-grade--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-8th-grade.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-8th-grade.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-8th-grade field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-field-8th-grade"><p>The three-story Jackson County Courthouse in <strong>Walden </strong>was built in 1913. It was designed by the prominent early twentieth-century Denver architect <strong>William N. Bowman</strong> (1868–1944).</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Incorporated in 1890, Walden is the only official town in sparsely populated <strong>North Park</strong>, a high-elevation basin near the Wyoming border. When Walden was founded, North Park was still part of Larimer County. In 1909 North Park became its own county. Originally known as North Park County, it was soon renamed <a href="/article/jackson-county"><strong>Jackson County</strong></a>, and Walden became the county seat. The county courthouse was completed in 1913. In the few years before the courthouse opened, county records were kept at the Mosman Store.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The Classical Revival courthouse was designed by William N. Bowman, who had opened his own practice in Denver in 1910. It is a good example of his early work in Colorado. It features a facade of large buff-colored sandstone blocks quarried near Mendenhall Creek, about ten miles northeast of town. The construction cost was $28,000.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Today the courthouse still does most county business. The basement serves as the sheriff’s office and county jail, including the original 1913 jail cells. County offices occupy the first floor, and the county court is located on the second and third floors. The building’s exterior remains largely unchanged. Much of the interior is also original, including the wood floors, paneling, plaster walls, ceilings, and doors.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-10th-grade--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--node--field-10th-grade.html.twig x field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig * field--field-10th-grade.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-10th-grade field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item" id="id-field-10th-grade"><p>Built in 1913, the three-story Jackson County Courthouse in <strong>Walden</strong> is the most important building in the county. It was designed by the prominent early twentieth-century Denver architect <strong>William N. Bowman</strong>.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Incorporated in 1890, Walden is the only official town in sparsely populated <strong>North Park</strong>, a high-elevation basin near the Wyoming border. When Walden was founded, North Park was still part of Larimer County. In 1909 North Park became its own county, originally known as North Park County but soon renamed <a href="/article/jackson-county"><strong>Jackson County</strong></a>. Walden became the county seat. The county courthouse was completed in 1913. In the few years before the courthouse opened, county records were kept at the Mosman Store.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>The Classical Revival courthouse was designed by William N. Bowman, who had opened his own practice in Denver in 1910, and it is a good example of his early work in Colorado. It features a facade of large buff-colored sandstone blocks quarried near Mendenhall Creek, about ten miles northeast of town. Four Ionic columns frame the main entrance. The building occupies a parklike setting at the intersection of Fourth and Lafever Streets, on land donated by Walden resident Archie Hunter. The construction cost was $28,000.</p>&#13; &#13; <p>Today the courthouse still does most county business. The basement serves as the sheriff’s office and county jail, including the original 1913 jail cells. County offices occupy the first floor, and the county court is located on the second and third floors. The building’s exterior remains largely unaltered. Much of the interior is also original, including the wood floors, paneling, plaster walls, ceilings, and doors.</p>&#13; </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/encyclopedia/templates/field/field--node--encyclopedia-article.html.twig' --> Mon, 09 Nov 2015 22:55:37 +0000 yongli 861 at http://coloradoencyclopedia.org