Skip to main content

Culturally Modified Trees

Culturally Modified Trees (or CMTs) are trees that exhibit peels, ax cuts, delimbing, wood removal, and other cultural modifications. Numerous CMTs are found in the foothills and mountains of Colorado. Research has shown that these trees are artifacts…

Indian Grove

Indian Grove consists of seventy-two ponderosa pines in Great Sand Dunes National Park that were peeled by Indigenous people in the 1800s to get bark for food, medicine, and other uses. First recorded in the 1970s by archaeologist Marilyn Martorano,…